Tracing Selection Signatures in the Pig Genome Provides Evidence for Selective Pressures on a Unique Curly Hair Phenotype in Mangalitza

The study investigated the Mangalitza pig, a native curly-haired breed from Hungary, using whole genome sequencing and SNP chip genotyping to detect runs of homozygosity (ROH). It identified breed-specific ROH regions containing genes linked to the curly hair phenotype and other breed characteristics. Crossbreeding experiments confirmed that curly hair is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Genome scanning revealed two variants potentially affecting hair follicle development, which were validated as Mangalitza-specific. The research highlighted how strong artificial selection shaped the Mangalitza genome, providing valuable insights for future genetic studies in livestock.