The Role and Prospects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Skin Repair and Regeneration

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show significant promise in skin repair and regeneration by promoting wound healing through mechanisms like neovascularization, immunomodulation, and paracrine signaling. Derived from sources such as human umbilical cord, bone marrow, and adipose tissue, MSCs can accelerate wound closure, reduce scar formation, and enhance collagen production. Advanced delivery methods, including hydrogels and scaffolds, further improve their therapeutic effects. Despite promising preclinical and clinical results, challenges like cell quality control and immunological rejection remain, necessitating further research to optimize MSC-based therapies for widespread clinical use.