Niosomes as a Promising Carrier for Topical Drug Delivery

The document reviewed the use of niosomes as carriers for topical drug delivery, emphasizing their advantages such as biocompatibility, ability to carry large amounts of drugs, and chemical stability. Niosomes, composed of nonionic surfactants and cholesterol, can encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, enhancing penetration and providing sustained release. They have been shown to be effective in treating skin conditions like psoriasis, vitiligo, and hyperpigmentation, and in delivering vaccines and anti-inflammatory agents. For instance, a study with psoriasis patients demonstrated a threefold reduction in PASI scores after 12 weeks of using niosomal methotrexate gel. In the context of alopecia, a study with 20 human volunteers showed that niosomal formulations containing Thai Lanna plant extracts significantly increased hair density and decreased hair loss. Niosomes also showed potential in acne treatment and were found to be more stable and cost-effective than liposomes. Despite their promise, further clinical studies are needed to confirm their efficacy, and the selection of suitable surfactants is crucial for optimal application and toxicity profiles.