Insights Into Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review Of Prevalence, Pathogenesis, And Psychological Consequences

This systematic review analyzed 15 studies conducted between 2018 and 2023 to understand the prevalence, pathogenesis, and psychological impacts of Alopecia Areata (AA), an autoimmune condition causing non-scarring hair loss. The review found that AA affects all age groups globally, with about 60% of patients observing their first bald patch before the age of 30. The average lifetime risk of the condition is between 1.7 and 2.1%, and around 20% of instances involve minors. The condition is believed to be triggered by a combination of genetic, environmental, and immune system factors. Psychological factors such as stress, anxiety, and depression were found to play a significant role in the development of the disease. The review emphasized the need for comprehensive treatment options that include both medical and psychological therapy, and the importance of raising awareness, providing education, and creating support systems for people dealing with AA.