Morphology Analysis of Hair Photoinduced and Chemically Damaged After Treatment with Sappan Wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Hair Tonic Using SEM

This study investigates the effects of sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan) hair tonic on chemically and photoinduced damaged hair using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Hair damage was induced using 3% H2O2 and UVB radiation. The study formulated hair tonics from ethanol extract, ethanol fraction, and chloroform-methanol fraction of C. sappan, known for its antioxidant properties. SEM analysis revealed that UVB-induced damage resulted in moderate hair damage, while 3% H2O2 caused moderate to severe damage. The application of the hair tonics showed that they effectively coated and interacted with the hair cuticle, suggesting a protective modification of the hair fiber.