Exosomes and Their Bioengineering Strategies in Cutaneous Wound Healing and Related Complications: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

    January 2023 in “ International Journal of Biological Sciences ”
    Guang Yang, Saquib Waheed, Cong Wang, Mehdihasan I. Shekh, Zhibin Li, Jun Wu
    TLDR Engineered exosomes show promise for improving wound healing but face challenges in clinical use.
    Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, play a crucial role in wound healing by promoting angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and balancing inflammatory responses. Stem cell-derived exosomes are particularly effective due to their low immunogenicity and lack of tumorigenicity. When genetically modified or combined with materials, exosomes enhance therapeutic properties, such as targeted delivery and penetration barriers. They hold potential for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in complex wound repair and related complications. Despite promising research, clinical applications face challenges due to the lack of reliable commercial products. The review highlights recent advances, potential therapeutic applications, and future directions for engineered exosomes in wound healing, while addressing associated risks and challenges.
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