Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: Everything We Should Know About Isotretinoin

    September 2024 in “ Health Problems of Civilization ”
    Aneta Jerzak, Katarzyna Jakubowska, Aleksandra Janocha, Paweł Ziemba
    TLDR Isotretinoin effectively treats severe acne but has significant side effects requiring careful monitoring.
    Isotretinoin, also known as 13-cis retinoic acid, is an effective systemic therapy for severe, hormonal, and treatment-resistant acne vulgaris. It works by reducing sebaceous gland size, sebum production, cell growth, and keratinization. Despite its efficacy, isotretinoin presents challenges due to its side effects, which are dose and duration-dependent. Key side effects include teratogenicity, skin and mucous membrane dryness, and potential risks of depression, liver dysfunction, elevated triglycerides, and musculoskeletal pain. Most side effects resolve after treatment ends, and patient awareness can help mitigate them. Regular monitoring of liver enzymes, lipid profiles, and blood counts is crucial to prevent adverse effects.
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