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Proretinal nanoparticles are a safe and effective way to deliver retinal to the skin.

Some medications and supplements can cause serious side effects, including hair loss, heart rhythm problems, liver injury, and other health issues.

Eating a balanced diet with the right vitamins and minerals is important for healthy hair, but too many supplements can be harmful.

Higher leptin and lower vitamin D levels may contribute to male pattern baldness.

Cannabinoids may help treat various skin conditions.

Intravenous and oral calcium effectively treated vitamin D dependent rickets type II, improving growth and bone health.

New resveratrol-related compounds show promise for treating various health issues but need more research for clinical use.

Some nonsurgical hair loss treatments are effective, especially if started early.

Cyproterone acetate is the preferred treatment for women's hyperandrogenism when estrogen/progestogen use is safe.

White hair follicles in vitiligo have fewer and less functional melanocytes.

Updated treatments for female hair loss include minoxidil, antiandrogens, hair transplants, and light therapy.

Early detection and comprehensive treatment of PCOS are crucial due to its long-term health impacts and associated risks.

Terbinafine is more effective than itraconazole for toenail fungus, especially in older patients, and debridement improves its effectiveness.

Female pattern hair loss, common in women, can be treated with various methods like minoxidil, anti-androgen treatments, and light therapy, but early intervention and realistic expectations are crucial.

N1-methylspermidine helps hair growth and reduces inflammation in hair follicles.

Future osteoporosis treatments should focus on increasing bone growth, with many promising options available.

Retinoids increase steroid sulfatase activity in leukemia cells through RARα/RXR and involves certain pathways like phosphoinositide 3-kinase and ERK-MAP kinase.

Chemotherapy causes hair loss starting soon after treatment begins and recovers about 3 months after ending, while tamoxifen does not significantly affect hair growth.

Some drugs can cause skin and hair color changes, often reversible when the drug is stopped.

Modified stem cells that overexpress a specific protein can improve hair growth and reduce hair abnormalities in mice.

Some skin medications are safe for pregnant women, but others pose risks or should not be used.

The conclusion is that endocrinology significantly impacts medicine with various common medications used for treatment.

Most over-the-counter hair loss treatments lack strong evidence of effectiveness, except for minoxidil, which works but stops working if you stop using it.

Melasma is a skin condition linked to female hormones, genetics, UV exposure, and certain medications, but not to pituitary, adrenal, or thyroid diseases.

The document concludes that the development of certain tumors is influenced by genetic background and that a specific gene modification can lead to tumor regression and reduced growth.

Finasteride reduces prostate cancer risk but may increase high-grade tumors; new drugs and better diagnosis are in development, but funding and industry commitment are challenges.

Effective symptom management in IBD improves quality of life and prevents complications.

Adding a specific gene to skin cells can help treat skin disorders like psoriasis.

People with advanced chronic kidney disease often have skin problems, which can be treated with various medications and procedures to improve their quality of life.

Vitamin D3 is important for bone health and may help treat various diseases beyond bone-related conditions.