282 citations,
October 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.
232 citations,
December 2005 in “Andrology” PCOS is caused by both genetics and environmental factors like diet and obesity.
166 citations,
October 2018 in “Endocrine Reviews” Hormone treatments for transgender individuals generally improve mental health and physical transition, with some health risks that require medical supervision.
99 citations,
June 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone replacement may help some postmenopausal women with symptoms like fatigue and low libido, but more research is needed to fully understand its effects.
95 citations,
December 1980 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” Minoxidil helped bald patient regrow hair.
87 citations,
March 2011 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology” Genetics and hormones play a role in male and female hair loss, but more research is needed to fully understand it.
72 citations,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
71 citations,
August 2019 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.
66 citations,
October 2013 in “Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity” The conclusion is that published guidelines are improving transgender medical care, but more research and education in transgender medicine are needed.
57 citations,
December 2018 in “JAMA Surgery” Hormone treatment for transgender patients may not need to be stopped before surgery, but more research is needed, especially on estrogen.
54 citations,
February 1993 in “Endocrine reviews” Androgen conjugates might be better indicators of skin sensitivity to hormones in women with excessive hair growth.
50 citations,
May 2020 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Non-binary transgender individuals need personalized hormonal treatments for better well-being and quality of life.
38 citations,
October 1996 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Certain hormone treatments can improve acne and related conditions in women.
31 citations,
November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Women with androgen excess, especially those with PCOS, have a much higher risk of heart disease and stroke.
31 citations,
January 1995 in “The American journal of medicine” Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone play a role in women's health issues like excess hair and baldness, and treatments blocking these hormones may help.
30 citations,
January 2000 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Finasteride and minoxidil are effective FDA-approved treatments for androgenetic alopecia.
26 citations,
April 1999 in “Dermatologic Clinics” The long-pulsed alexandrite laser is effective for hair reduction, particularly for light-skinned individuals with dark hair, but caution is needed for darker skin.
22 citations,
March 2000 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Many treatments for hair loss lack proper testing and FDA approval, so their effectiveness is uncertain.
20 citations,
January 2003 in “Treatments in Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy can help improve mood, sexual function, and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed to establish safe and effective guidelines.
17 citations,
July 2003 in “Metabolism-clinical and Experimental” Women with female-pattern baldness produce more testosterone, but 5a-reductase inhibition treatment won't help.
14 citations,
January 2008 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” High levels of male hormones in women without tumors are linked to metabolic problems and can be treated with metformin.
12 citations,
May 2005 in “Current obstetrics and gynaecology/Current obstetrics & gynaecology” Hirsutism is too much hair growth in women like the pattern in men, often caused by high male hormones, and can be treated with hormone control and hair removal methods.
7 citations,
January 2019 in “Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii” Certain gene variations might be linked to severe acne in women but not in men.
4 citations,
June 2005 in “Andrology” A woman's diabetes improved after removing ovarian tumors that caused high testosterone levels.
2 citations,
August 2011 in “Revista Medica De Chile” A postmenopausal woman's high testosterone levels and symptoms improved after removing a tumor from her ovary.
1 citations,
July 2019 in “The journal of applied laboratory medicine” Venous catheterization may help diagnose the cause of female hyperandrogenism when imaging is unclear.
1 citations,
January 2018 in “Journal of Gynecologic Surgery” Removing both ovaries can treat increased testosterone and related symptoms in postmenopausal women with ovarian hyperthecosis.
1 citations,
January 2017 in “Tohoku journal of experimental medicine” A woman's mature cystic teratoma caused her virilization by producing testosterone.
1 citations,
June 2013 in “Medicine” A thorough skin history and full examination are important for diagnosing and understanding the impact of skin diseases.
1 citations,
November 2002 in “Endocrine practice” The patient's high testosterone was reduced by a medication that suppresses gonadotropin.