5 citations
,
April 2022 in “Journal of Obesity” This study found that both transgender and cisgender individuals experience similar psychological and cosmetic benefits from surgical body modifications, but cisgender individuals typically have more autonomy and support in pursuing these surgeries.
4 citations
,
July 2021 in “Dermatology and therapy” This review examines changes in hair physiology and treatment options for transgender patients on hormonal therapy but reports no new clinical findings, offering treatment recommendations based on the authors' experiences.
4 citations
,
November 2017 in “Hair transplant forum international” In this study, the researchers noted that approximately 15% of hair transplant procedures are performed on women, with candidacy being determined by specific anatomical conditions and hair loss types, such as medium-stage androgenetic alopecia or a high frontal hairline.
3 citations
,
February 2025 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study highlights how sex steroids affect hair growth, reporting that testosterone used in masculinizing hormone therapy can lead to androgenetic alopecia in transgender individuals, while feminizing hormone therapy with estradiol and antiandrogens can reduce hirsutism.
2 citations
,
December 2020 in “Revista Colombiana de Bioética” This review discusses the lack of explicit theoretical foundations in empirical studies on transgender men and emphasizes the need for bioethical frameworks to guide decision-making.
1 citations
,
July 2025 in “BMC Psychology” This study found that gaze duration in a social evaluation task was linked to mental health outcomes in trans men, trans women, and cisgender women more than six months later.
1 citations
,
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” In this study, researchers found that transgender men exhibited impaired autonomic modulation during sympathetic stimulation compared to cisgender women, potentially due to testosterone treatment affecting cardiac autonomic modulation.
1 citations
,
January 2020 in “Elsevier eBooks” Hormone therapy is safe and effective for transgender adults, but requires regular monitoring and mental health support.
January 2026 in “Endocrinology”
September 2025 in “Journal of Medical Case Reports” This study suggests that finasteride may be a safe and effective treatment for androgenetic alopecia in transgender men undergoing testosterone replacement therapy, though it may influence testosterone's effects.
November 2023 in “Journal of the American Society of Nephrology” This report discusses two cases of kidney transplantation in transgender patients and highlights the complexities of managing gender-affirming care alongside post-transplantation health, including hormone therapy and associated risks.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This study found that estradiol transdermal patches helped many MTF patients achieve target estrogen levels, especially those who could not reach these levels with oral therapy and those at higher thrombotic risk.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This study found that among transgender men undergoing long-term testosterone therapy, a severe pattern of androgenetic alopecia may indicate increased arterial stiffness, as measured by higher intima-media thickness of the carotid artery.
126 citations
,
February 2017 in “JAMA Surgery” This article outlines best practices from the World Professional Association for Transgender Health's standards to guide health care professionals in providing comprehensive care for transgender individuals, addressing mental health, endocrinology, and surgery.
57 citations
,
December 2018 in “JAMA Surgery” This systematic review suggests that current evidence does not support routinely discontinuing gender-affirming hormone treatments before surgery, especially testosterone and spironolactone, due to limited data on related perioperative risks.
54 citations
,
June 2018 in “Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry” This narrative review presents composite cases of individuals undergoing gender-affirming care, illustrating varied outcomes without reporting new clinical results or systematic findings.
32 citations
,
July 2017 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” This study assessed the use of oral finasteride in transgender men with androgenetic alopecia and found that all patients improved by one grade on the Norwood–Hamilton scale within about 5.5 months, with no significant adverse effects reported during the 16.2 months of follow-up.
31 citations
,
September 2020 in “Clinical endocrinology” This review found limited evidence on the effectiveness of different antiandrogens for feminization in transgender women, suggesting cyproterone acetate, leuprolide, and medroxyprogesterone acetate may better suppress testosterone than spironolactone or estradiol alone.
17 citations
,
February 2020 in “Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology” This review discusses medical interventions that reproductive health experts can provide to transgender and gender diverse youth and reports no new clinical results.
15 citations
,
September 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” This review discusses the impact of gender affirming hormone therapy on cardiovascular outcomes in transgender individuals and reports no new clinical results; the authors underscore the need for more comprehensive studies.
15 citations
,
February 2019 in “Internal Medicine Journal” This study found that experienced Australian prescribers of hormone therapy for transgender adults often follow international guidelines but highlight the need for better training and specific local guidelines.
13 citations
,
March 2016 in “Progress in Transplantation” This review discusses the unique challenges faced by transgender patients with end-stage renal disease during the transplant process and outlines current management recommendations, but it reports no new clinical results.
11 citations
,
November 2022 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” In this study, gender-affirming hormonal treatment was associated with increased hair growth, acne, and alopecia prevalence in transgender individuals assigned female at birth, while opposite dermatological changes were observed in those assigned male at birth.
10 citations
,
August 2020 in “International Journal of Andrology” This commentary examines whether 5α-reductase inhibitors are effective and safe for transfeminine and transmasculine individuals, highlighting the lack of efficacy and safety data in gender diverse populations and suggesting that clinicians discuss potential benefits and risks with patients considering their use.
9 citations
,
April 2021 in “Annals of Translational Medicine” This study observed that facial feminization surgery significantly improved facial appearance and alleviated gender dysphoria among Chinese transgender females, with all patients expressing satisfaction post-surgery.
4 citations
,
February 2025 in “Endokrynologia Polska” This article presents guidelines developed by a multidisciplinary expert panel for the care of adolescent transgender and non-binary individuals with gender dysphoria, emphasizing individualized, affirmative care to enhance well-being and quality of life.
4 citations
,
January 2022 in “Journal of Menopausal Medicine” This review discusses gender-affirming hormone therapies in South Korea, detailing the available treatment regimens and associated side effects, but reports no new clinical findings.
4 citations
,
January 2018 in “Scholar Commons (University of South Carolina)” This study provides choral conductor-educators with strategies, including vocal exercises and inclusive language practices, to support healthy vocal transitions for transgender singers while promoting a safe learning environment.
1 citations
,
November 2023 in “Medicina” This narrative review emphasizes the significant improvements in mental well-being linked to gender-affirming treatments while highlighting the need for ongoing research into hormone therapy's long-term effects and its impact on transgender individuals' reproductive health.
1 citations
,
November 2023 in “American journal of clinical pathology” This case report highlights a rare occurrence of poorly differentiated endometrial carcinoma in a transgender man undergoing long-term testosterone therapy, underscoring the necessity of continued gynecologic care and further research into the effects of testosterone on endometrial health in this population.