343 citations,
December 2008 in “Endocrine Reviews” Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.
288 citations,
June 2009 in “Human reproduction update” The modified Ferriman-Gallwey method is a useful tool for diagnosing hirsutism.
227 citations,
January 1998 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Cells from balding scalps have more androgen receptors than cells from non-balding scalps.
165 citations,
January 2014 in “Dermatology Research and Practice” Zinc is effective for treating various skin conditions, including warts and acne.
163 citations,
November 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Low iron levels may be linked to some types of hair loss in women.
127 citations,
July 2002 in “EMBO journal” Normal skin cell renewal doesn't need RAR signaling, but vitamin A-related skin thickening does.
104 citations,
May 2003 in “Endocrinology” Lampreys have a functional vitamin D receptor that may help detoxify harmful substances.
82 citations,
March 2016 in “Autoimmunity reviews” Animal models have helped understand hair loss from alopecia areata and find new treatments.
73 citations,
February 2007 in “The American Journal of Medicine” PCOS is a common hormonal disorder in women, treated with lifestyle changes and medications like hormonal contraceptives and metformin.
72 citations,
October 2009 in “The FASEB journal” TRH stimulates human hair growth and extends the hair growth phase.
68 citations,
September 2003 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Shrinking skin cancer increases the chance of cancer in nearby lymph nodes.
53 citations,
January 2011 in “Diabetes” People with PCNT mutations often develop severe insulin resistance and early-onset diabetes during childhood or adolescence.
51 citations,
December 2011 in “The Journal of Dermatology” New treatments for severe hair loss often fail, but some patients see hair regrowth with specific therapies, and treatment should be tailored to the individual's situation.
49 citations,
February 2019 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Use "female pattern hair loss" term, assess androgen excess, treat with minoxidil and other medications if needed.
49 citations,
May 2018 in “Endocrine” Women with regular menstrual cycles and PCOS have linked kisspeptin and LH hormone patterns, unlike those with irregular cycles.
46 citations,
January 2008 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but may cause side effects and is not FDA-approved for this use.
42 citations,
November 2018 in “Archives of dermatological research” Apremilast was not effective in treating moderate-to-severe alopecia areata.
42 citations,
July 2007 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Most Hairless gene mutations reduce its ability to work with the Vitamin D Receptor, which might explain a certain type of hair loss.
40 citations,
April 2014 in “Genes & Development” Hormones during pregnancy and lactation keep skin stem cells inactive, preventing hair growth.
40 citations,
November 2009 in “Experimental Dermatology” The mineralocorticoid receptor may play a role in skin and hair health and could be a new target for treating related disorders.
39 citations,
October 2018 in “Aesthetic surgery journal” Injectables can feminize or masculinize a transgender person's face, but more research is needed for best practices.
36 citations,
February 2018 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Sweat glands and hair follicles are structurally connected within a specific layer of skin fat.
32 citations,
July 2017 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Finasteride effectively treats hair loss in transgender men with few side effects.
32 citations,
January 2005 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Some babies are born with alopecia areata, and a treatment with clobetasol propionate can regrow hair in half of the cases.
31 citations,
May 2021 in “Journal of endocrinological investigation” APS-1 in Italy shows diverse AIRE mutations and various autoimmune issues.
26 citations,
September 2015 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Spironolactone may effectively treat female hair loss, especially with hyperandrogenism signs.
25 citations,
May 2021 in “Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology/Journal of exposure science and environmental epidemiology” Common Black hair care products may affect hormone levels and potentially impact health, especially in reproductive and metabolic areas.
24 citations,
July 2019 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology” The combination therapy improved PCOS symptoms in both obese and non-obese women, with weight loss in the obese group.
24 citations,
January 2013 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology” Hormonal treatment is effective for women with acne not helped by usual treatments, especially if they have hormonal imbalances.
22 citations,
October 2017 in “Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology” Many young Australian women think they have PCOS, but only a few are diagnosed correctly, causing unnecessary worry.