81 citations,
May 2007 in “Fertility and Sterility” Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.
December 2016 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Short-acting testosterone injections in a clinic are a preferred treatment for low testosterone because they work well, are convenient, and patients stick with the treatment.
10 citations,
February 2016 in “The Journal for Nurse Practitioners” Healthcare providers need better education and resources to give competent and sensitive care to transgender patients.
52 citations,
November 2013 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Chitosan-decorated polymersomes improve finasteride delivery for hair loss treatment.
10 citations,
February 2021 in “International Journal of Nanomedicine” Chitosan-decorated finasteride nanosystems improve skin retention and could be a better treatment for hair loss.
1 citations,
August 2022 in “BioMed Research International” Chitosan-decorated nanoparticles can improve skin delivery and reduce side effects of finasteride.
105 citations,
June 2010 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Testosterone undecanoate increases lean mass and causes various physical changes in female-to-male transsexuals.
7 citations,
January 2021 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone with dutasteride improves muscle strength and body composition in trans men.
5 citations,
December 2021 in “Pediatric investigation” Testosterone undecanoate safely and effectively increased penis size in male children with 5-alpha-reductase deficiency.
November 2017 in “Reactions Weekly” Testosterone undecanoate caused hair loss; finasteride improved it but caused stomach issues for one patient.
10 citations,
October 2010 in “International Journal of Andrology” Finasteride doesn't affect oral testosterone undecanoate, and high DHT levels may cause acne, prostate issues, and hair loss.
2 citations,
August 2013 in “The Lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology” The FDA rejected a testosterone drug again due to safety concerns.
The FDA did not approve a testosterone drug because of safety concerns.
September 2012 in “African Journal of Urology” Testosterone replacement therapy improves libido, mood, muscle strength, and bone density in men with Testosterone Deficiency Syndrome.
15 citations,
February 2019 in “Internal Medicine Journal” Australian doctors experienced in adult transgender healthcare mostly prescribe intramuscular testosterone and oral estradiol, recommend mental health assessments before hormone therapy, and support improved training and guidelines.
23 citations,
October 2015 in “Andrology” New male hormonal contraceptives show promise but need more research on long-term effects and funding for larger trials.
19 citations,
December 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews” There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.
10 citations,
October 2006 in “Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs” New treatments for male hypogonadism are easier to use and target specific tissues to reduce side effects.
506 citations,
March 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy improves physical function, strength, and body composition in older men with low testosterone levels.
162 citations,
April 2016 in “The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.
103 citations,
June 2006 in “British journal of sports medicine” The document concludes that better biomarkers are needed to detect long-term oral testosterone use in athletes.
72 citations,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
46 citations,
January 2008 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but may cause side effects and is not FDA-approved for this use.
39 citations,
January 2019 in “The World Journal of Men's Health” Testosterone replacement therapy can prevent men from fathering children and should not be used by those wanting to stay fertile.
31 citations,
January 2017 in “Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology” Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.
26 citations,
August 2014 in “PubMed” Testosterone improves mood and thinking skills; finasteride has no effect.
25 citations,
March 2000 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.
22 citations,
January 2006 in “International Journal of Andrology” Taking oral testosterone with finasteride or dutasteride doubles testosterone levels, and food slightly affects it.
14 citations,
December 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” MENT could be a better option than testosterone for male hormone therapy and birth control because it works well at lower doses and has fewer side effects on the prostate.
12 citations,
January 2016 in “Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports” Testosterone therapy improved physical and social health in a male with 49,XXXXY syndrome.