November 2024 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” This study found that hair steroid analysis effectively detected increased hormone levels from both a single testosterone dose and laboratory-induced stress, revealing individual context factors like relationship status also impact hair hormone concentrations.
4 citations
,
March 2019 in “JAT. Journal of applied toxicology/Journal of applied toxicology” In this study, PFOS exposure altered steroid hormone levels and enzyme activities related to steroidogenesis in juvenile Silurana tropicalis, with effects differing between male and female frogs.
12 citations
,
November 2018 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology”
20 citations
,
June 2007 in “Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery” This review summarizes recent research and patents on 17β-HSD3, 17β-HSD5, and 3α-HSD3 inhibitors, suggesting their potential in treating androgen-dependent diseases, but reports no new clinical results.
7 citations
,
January 2016 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” This study observed that adding simvastatin to ongoing metformin treatment reduced certain androgen levels in women with non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia and abnormal glucose metabolism, suggesting a potential therapeutic benefit.
89 citations
,
December 1998 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” This study found that steroid hormone levels in human hair correlate significantly with those in serum, suggesting hair may be a viable medium for assessing hormonal status.
1 citations
,
November 2023 in “Endocrine Connections” This study developed a validated gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry assay to assess sex steroid hormones in cerebrospinal fluid, finding substantial levels of DHEA, androstenedione, and testosterone, with strong correlations to serum levels, providing insight into sex steroid dynamics in the human CNS.
August 2025 in “Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism” This case report from a German study detailed a 2-year-old girl with virilization and precocious puberty due to a rare ovarian steroid cell tumor, finding that post-surgery, her elevated hormone levels normalized within a week, and ongoing follow-up showed no need for chemotherapy.
32 citations
,
January 1990 in “Clinical Endocrinology” This study found that women with female pattern androgenic alopecia have significantly higher levels of certain androgens and androgen sulfates compared to normal premenopausal women, suggesting markers for diagnosis and treatment efficacy.
May 2023 in “Research and Practical Medicine Journal” This study found that severe or moderate COVID-19 altered sex hormone and cortisol levels in lung tissues of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, particularly in women, suggesting potential implications for lung cancer progression and treatment outcomes.
169 citations
,
November 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” This study found that prepubertal girls have significantly higher levels of estrogens and androgen metabolites compared to age-matched boys, which may contribute to their earlier onset of puberty.
November 2025 in “Open Access CRIS of the University of Bern” This study compared serum and hair steroid hormone profiles in adolescents and found that hair steroid profiling is a feasible, non-invasive alternative to serum analysis, with androgen levels in both mediums correlating more strongly with body size and composition in boys than in girls.
November 2025 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” This study found that hair steroid profiling is a feasible, non-invasive alternative to serum analysis in adolescents, with androgen levels correlating more strongly with body size and composition in boys than girls.
1 citations
,
January 2020 in “Bioscience Reports” This study found that prolonged use of finasteride in women led to altered levels of sex steroids, DNA damage, and increased menstrual bleeding, suggesting adverse health effects without clear benefits for androgenetic alopecia treatment.
176 citations
,
August 2000 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” In this study, cross-sex hormone therapy affected hair growth patterns differently, with estrogen reducing hair growth in male-to-female transsexuals and testosterone increasing it in female-to-male transsexuals; however, male typical hair diameters were not fully reached in the latter group after 12 months.
7 citations
,
October 2017 in “The Prostate” This study found that male pattern baldness may serve as a clinical marker for circulating sex hormone levels in men with localized prostate cancer, while chest hair density showed no significant hormone association.
10 citations
,
May 2009 in “Cases Journal” This case study reports that a virilizing Leydig cell type ovarian tumor in a 40-year-old woman caused hyperandrogenism and virilization symptoms, which improved post-surgery.
15 citations
,
February 2019 in “Internal Medicine Journal” This study found that experienced Australian prescribers of hormone therapy for transgender adults often follow international guidelines but highlight the need for better training and specific local guidelines.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The researchers reported a case of falsely elevated testosterone in a teen, due to immunoassay interference, demonstrating that liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry provides more accurate testosterone measurement, emphasizing the need for thorough analysis when clinical results are inconsistent.
26 citations
,
August 2021 in “Medicine” This study found that low levels of SHBG and testosterone were associated with higher mortality in men with severe COVID-19.
8 citations
,
January 1986 in “Journal of hepatology” This study suggests that hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic men is associated with altered sex-steroid metabolism, indicated by lower testosterone and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone levels compared to cirrhosis alone.
186 citations
,
February 1980 in “Clinical Endocrinology” This study observed that serum levels of oestradiol, testosterone, and androstenedione increase rapidly with the onset of puberty and continue to rise after menarche, with anovulatory cycles being common in early postmenarchal girls.
2 citations
,
December 2022 in “Metabolites” This study found that progesterone levels were suppressed in underweight anorexia nervosa patients compared to healthy controls, as measured through hair analysis, and did not increase during short-term weight restoration.
June 2013 in “Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii” This study found that women with androgenic alopecia often have increased dihydrotestosterone levels, suggesting potentially enhanced activity of 5-alpha-reductase, with the saliva free testosterone level providing valuable hormonal background information.
1 citations
,
May 2023 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” This research suggests that autism's genetic links are partially related to factors influencing physiological sex differences, with rare variants interacting with placental sex differences and common variants affecting steroid-related traits.
34 citations
,
March 2003 in “Veterinary Dermatology” This study found that in dogs with alopecia, certain steroid hormone levels were elevated, particularly progesterone, but not all hormone abnormalities were consistent across breeds, suggesting the need for breed-specific evaluation.
3 citations
,
October 2021 in “Clinica Chimica Acta” This study found that higher levels of dihydrotestosterone in the parietal region of the scalp may correlate with the clinical presentation of androgenetic alopecia.
September 2014 in “Springer eBooks” This review discusses how sex hormone levels and local steroid synthesis influence gender differences in aging skin, reporting no new clinical results.
September 2025 in “Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi” This review explores how fluctuations in female sex steroid hormone levels affect periodontal health in women, noting that collaboration between dentists and gynecologists may improve diagnosis and treatment of hormone-related periodontal conditions.
42 citations
,
December 2019 in “Steroids” In this study, researchers developed a method to measure steroid hormones in hair and found that body hair typically contains higher levels of cortisone and testosterone compared to scalp hair, but hair pigmentation did not affect hormone concentrations significantly.