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Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Calreticulin has roles in healing, immune response, and disease beyond its known functions in the endoplasmic reticulum.

The article suggests managing interferon beta therapy side effects in MS with dose adjustments, medications, and patient education.

The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

Hair loss affects women's mental health more than men's, causing anxiety, low self-esteem, and social insecurity.

Most women with excess hair growth have an underlying hormonal issue, often treated with medication and hair removal methods.

Hair loss common in Australia; men affected earlier, more often than Asians; women less concerned.

Metformin is effective for treating excessive hair growth in women with PCOS and may work better than the standard treatment in some ways.

Mostly postmenopausal Caucasian women get Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia, which often includes eyebrow loss and has limited treatment success.

Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.

Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Methotrexate treats various disorders by inhibiting DNA synthesis, but careful monitoring is needed to avoid toxicity and manage side effects.

Minoxidil treats hair loss, promotes growth, has side effects, and has recent patents.

Finasteride helps hair growth but may cause sexual side effects.

Finasteride effectively treats baldness but may cause sexual side effects.

Finasteride exposure in pregnancy causes genital abnormalities in male rats.

No single treatment is consistently effective for alopecia areata, and more research is needed.

Finasteride and minoxidil are effective for hair regrowth, while treatments for alopecia areata have varying success and continuous treatment is necessary.

Minoxidil and finasteride can slow hair loss and stimulate regrowth, but won't restore all lost hair or reverse complete baldness.

A specific drug can help treat Lichen Planopilaris, a condition causing permanent hair loss.

One minoxidil-sensitive potassium channel exists in human hair follicles.

Dutasteride may help stabilize Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia, but more research is needed.

Minoxidil effectively treats severe hypertension but may cause side effects, so careful monitoring is needed.

Peripilar signs can help diagnose androgenetic alopecia and reveal its cause.

5α‐reductase isozymes are crucial for prostate development and health, and targeting them can help prevent and treat prostate issues.

Women with PCOS have more body fat and thicker fat layers in certain abdominal areas than women without PCOS.

Type 2 diabetes, bacterial scalp infections, and tight hairstyles like braids and weaves are linked to a higher risk of a scarring hair loss condition in African American women.

New methods improve how we test hair growth treatments, but challenges like slow hair changes and high costs remain.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate, shrinks it, improves urination, but may cause sexual dysfunction and isn't for women or children.