research Managing Menopause Chapter 8: Sexuality and Menopause
Menopause often leads to lower sexual desire and discomfort during sex, but treatment should be personalized and only if it bothers the woman.
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research Copper Deficiency: A New Reason for Androgenetic Alopecia?
Copper deficiency may cause hair loss, and treating it could involve nutrition and hormones.
research Androgenic Alopecia: Cross-Talk Between Cell Signal Transduction Pathways
Hair loss in Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is due to altered cell sensitivity to hormones, not increased hormone levels. Hair growth periods shorten over time, causing hair to become thinner and shorter. This is linked to miscommunication between cell pathways in hair follicles. There's also a change in gene expression related to blood vessels and cell growth in balding hair follicles. The exact molecular causes of AGA are still unclear.
research Stromal Cells of the Human Postmenopausal Ovary Display a Distinctive Biochemical and Molecular Phenotype
Postmenopausal ovary stromal cells have a unique makeup and limited steroid production, suggesting androgens come from the adrenal gland.
research The Neurobiology of Sexual Function
Testosterone is important for men's sexual function, may help some women's sexual desire, while other hormones and neurotransmitters also play complex roles in sexual behavior.
research Non-Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency Revisited: An Update with a Special Focus on Adolescent and Adult Women
The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.
research Androgen Receptor Activation Integrates Complex Transcriptional Effects in Osteoblasts, Involving the Growth Factors TGF-β and IGF-I, and Transcription Factor C/EBPδ
DHT affects bone growth by altering gene activity in osteoblasts, potentially complicating steroid use.
research Assessment of Diagnostic Competence of Plasmatic Androgens on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Based on Receiver Operator Characteristic Curves
Free Testosterone Index, bioavailable testosterone, and androstenedione are the most accurate for diagnosing excess male hormones in PCOS.
research Miscellaneous Exogenous Hormones and Breast Diseases: A Matter of Concern for the Gynecologist
Some hormone treatments might raise breast cancer risk, while others don't seem to.
research Association of Surgical Risk With Exogenous Hormone Use in Transgender Patients
Hormone treatment for transgender patients may not need to be stopped before surgery, but more research is needed, especially on estrogen.
research Anti-Androgen Treatment of Hirsute Women: A Study on Stress Responses
The treatment reduced hair growth and testosterone in women with excess hair and had some effects on stress responses.
research A New Look at the 5-Alpha-Reductase Inhibitor Finasteride
Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and hair loss, but may cause side effects in some patients.
research Polymorphisms of the Androgen Receptor Gene and the Estrogen Receptor Beta Gene Are Associated with Androgen Levels in Women
Certain genetic variations in the AR and ERβ genes can affect androgen levels in women.
research Hair Follicles and Associated Glands as Androgen Targets
Androgens like testosterone affect hair growth and oil production differently across body parts and individuals.
research Oral Contraceptives as Anti-Androgenic Treatment of Acne
Birth control pills can help reduce mild to moderate acne in women.
research Efficacy of Metformin Therapy in Adolescent Girls with Androgen Excess: Relation to Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Androgen Receptor Polymorphisms
Metformin works better for adolescent girls with PCOS who have certain genetic variations.
research Female Androgenic Alopecia
Women with low SHBG levels and a high 3a-diol G to SHBG ratio are likely to experience female pattern baldness, possibly due to a slight excess of androgens affecting sensitive hair bulbs.
research In Vivo Uptake and Metabolism of Testosterone by the Skin and Other Tissues of the Rat
Rat skin takes up and processes testosterone differently than other organs, with testosterone being more important for the skin than its metabolite 5α-DHT.
research An Affirming Approach to Caring for Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth
The document advises health care providers on how to support transgender and gender-diverse youth with appropriate care and referrals.
research Medical Care for Children and Adolescents with Gender Dysphoria and Gender Inconsistency in Light of Current Recommendations: How to Implement the 'Primum Non Nocere' Principle?
The safety and effectiveness of gender-affirming treatments for children are uncertain, with potential long-term risks like infertility.
research Vitamin D Receptor: New Assignments for an Already Busy Receptor
The vitamin D receptor is involved in multiple body functions beyond calcium regulation, including immune response and rapid reactions not related to gene activity.
research Lifestyle Changes in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Lifestyle changes can improve body composition, excess male hormone levels, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.
research An Update on Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is a genetic disorder with two forms, causing symptoms like early puberty and severe acne, but can be identified through screening and treated with glucocorticoids.
research Care of the Transgender Patient: The Role of the Gynecologist
Gynecologists should provide comprehensive care for transgender patients, including mental health evaluation, hormone therapy, and surgical options, while monitoring for side effects and ensuring patient safety.
research Biochemical Roles of Testosterone and Epitestosterone to 5α-Reductase as Indicators of Male-Pattern Baldness
High testosterone to epitestosterone ratio in hair could predict male-pattern baldness.
research Treatment of Male Rats with Finasteride, an Inhibitor of 5alpha-Reductase Enzyme, Induces Long-Lasting Effects on Depressive-Like Behavior, Hippocampal Neurogenesis, Neuroinflammation, and Gut Microbiota Composition
Finasteride treatment in male rats causes long-lasting effects on depression-like behavior, brain cell growth, inflammation, and gut bacteria composition.
research Differences in Reproductive Toxicology Between Alopecia Drugs: An Analysis on Adverse Events Among Female and Male Cases
Finasteride has a higher risk of reproductive side effects than minoxidil.
research Bone vs. Fat: Embryonic Origin of Progenitors Determines Response to Androgen in Adipocytes and Osteoblasts
Androgens affect bone and fat cell development differently based on the cells' embryonic origin.
research Hair Matrix Cell Kinetics: A Selective Review
Hair growth is influenced by factors like genetics and nutrition, and more research is needed to understand hair loss and growth mechanisms.
research A Perspective on the Evolving Landscape in Male Reproductive Medicine
Advancements in male reproductive medicine are ongoing, but more research and improved treatments are needed in several areas.