162 citations,
April 2016 in “The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.
150 citations,
April 2013 in “Dermato-endocrinology” Estrogen therapy can reduce skin aging but has cancer risks.
[object Object] 138 citations,
May 2000 in “Maturitas” Estrogen replacement can improve skin health in menopausal women but doesn't reverse sun damage or prevent hair loss.
137 citations,
June 2005 in “Climacteric” Estrogen loss during menopause worsens skin health, but hormone replacement therapy may improve it, though more research is needed.
107 citations,
September 2002 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Researchers found that hair shedding happens mostly when new hair is growing and involves a unique process.
107 citations,
August 2002 in “Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry” Women with epilepsy should be monitored for reproductive issues, which can be caused by epilepsy or its treatments, especially when using valproate.
80 citations,
January 1995 in “The American Journal of Medicine” Hair loss in androgenetic alopecia is caused by genetic factors and androgen excess, and can be treated with combined therapies.
78 citations,
August 2012 in “Human molecular genetics online/Human molecular genetics” A new gene, JMJD1C, may affect testosterone levels in men.
76 citations,
August 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Dermal Papilla cells are a promising tool for evaluating hair growth treatments.
71 citations,
August 2019 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.
68 citations,
December 2014 in “Cell Biochemistry and Function” Nuclear hormone receptors play a significant role in skin wound healing and could lead to better treatment methods.
68 citations,
June 2005 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets” Oestrogens help maintain healthy skin, heal wounds, and may protect against skin aging and cancer.
65 citations,
October 2008 in “Journal of Neuroendocrinology” 58 citations,
January 2003 in “Thrombosis and Haemostasis” Testosterone may slow down wound healing and increase inflammation.
56 citations,
January 2015 in “Circulation” Finasteride helps reduce heart issues and improves heart function.
53 citations,
October 1984 in “Endocrine reviews” Excessive hair growth in women often has no known cause and is not linked to race or other hormonal symptoms.
51 citations,
April 1999 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone replacement may improve sexual desire and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.
50 citations,
May 2020 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Non-binary transgender individuals need personalized hormonal treatments for better well-being and quality of life.
48 citations,
February 2013 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” The protein StAR is found in 17 different organs and can affect hair loss and brain functions, but its full role is not yet fully understood.
47 citations,
December 2000 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Androgens significantly affect female hair loss, and hormonal treatments may help.
47 citations,
August 2000 in “Endocrine Reviews” The document concludes that more research is needed to understand excessive hair growth in women with normal hormone levels and regular ovulation.
42 citations,
May 2003 in “Mini-reviews in Medicinal Chemistry” New steroidal compounds could be effective for treating conditions related to 5α-reductase enzyme activity.
40 citations,
January 2013 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Finger length ratios are not linked to the number of specific gene repeats affecting testosterone sensitivity.
36 citations,
January 2017 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” The review found no clear link between vitamin D receptor gene variations and polycystic ovary syndrome.
34 citations,
November 2017 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” A transwoman developed a brain tumor after nine years of hormone therapy, suggesting a possible link between the treatment and tumor development.
34 citations,
January 2008 in “International Review of Neurobiology” Epilepsy and certain epilepsy drugs can lead to reproductive problems in women, but changing medication might improve these issues.
32 citations,
September 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Hormone therapy for transgender females increases the risk of blood clots and requires careful dosing, monitoring, and lifelong management.
[object Object] 32 citations,
January 2018 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” Hormone therapy affects hair growth in transgender individuals, with testosterone potentially causing hair loss in trans men and estrogen reducing facial/body hair in trans women; treatment options vary.
29 citations,
July 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testing for CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene is not currently recommended for managing hypogonadism.
28 citations,
October 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Testosterone therapy seems safe and effective for transgender men with proper care, but more long-term research is needed.