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Women with PCOS have more Bifidobacterium in their gut compared to those without PCOS.

The 2023 guideline for PCOS suggests using updated diagnostic criteria, assessing related health risks, and recommends lifestyle changes and specific treatments for symptoms and fertility issues.

A man with X-ALD improved after treatment, highlighting the need to consider X-ALD in similar patients and test their relatives.

All women with significant unwanted hair growth have hormonal imbalances, often from polycystic ovary syndrome.

Most women with excessive hair growth have a hormonal cause.

Different anti-androgen medications can help treat excessive hair growth, but the right choice depends on accurate diagnosis.

The document concludes that careful evaluation is needed to diagnose PCOS correctly due to similar symptoms in other conditions, and accurate testosterone level measurement is crucial.

A Saudi individual initially identified as a girl had a genetic disorder affecting gender development.

PCOS is a complex condition that affects women's hormonal balance and metabolism, requiring lifestyle changes and medical management.

The conclusion is that a more comprehensive and precise approach is needed for diagnosing PCOS to address its broader health risks.

Metformin has limited effectiveness for improving PCOS symptoms and lacks clear benefits, needing more research to confirm its efficacy.

Menstrual disorders are common in adolescents and can be influenced by weight, activity, and health issues, requiring careful evaluation and more research for effective treatment.

Low birthweight and rapid weight gain after birth may increase the risk of developing polycystic ovary syndrome.

The document concludes that managing PCOS involves treating symptoms and reducing long-term metabolic risks, with lifestyle changes being important.

Finasteride use may be linked to rare testicular tumor, but more research needed.

A teenage girl had both a rare ovarian tumor and a severe form of polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Cushing's syndrome can cause serious health problems, and early treatment is crucial, but some issues may remain after treatment.

Insulin resistance is a key factor in polycystic ovary syndrome, but genetics may also contribute.

The document concludes that better biomarkers are needed to detect long-term oral testosterone use in athletes.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate, shrinks it, improves urination, but may cause sexual dysfunction and isn't for women or children.

Improving insulin sensitivity and weight loss can help manage polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

PCOS is often linked to insulin resistance and obesity, and weight loss can improve symptoms.

Melatonin may help treat PCOS symptoms in rats.

Women with PCOS have higher levels of certain blood clotting factors, suggesting a greater risk of cardiovascular issues.

The pituitary gland functions normally even after losing most SOX2+ stem cells.

Women with PCOS, especially those overweight, have higher levels of IL-18 in their endometrium, which may affect fertility.

The document concludes that treatments for female hair loss and excessive hair growth are temporary and not well-studied.

Finasteride helps treat prostate issues and may prevent prostate cancer in high-risk men.

Cyproterone acetate with ethinyl estradiol is effective for treating skin symptoms related to high androgen levels, like in PCOS.

Androgens increase EPO production, finasteride doesn't significantly impact it.