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The diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) requires a detailed patient history, ultrasound scanning, hormone level checks, and assessments of ovulation, obesity, and insulin resistance. It's a variable condition that needs individualized management and is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes.

Skin cancer is common in elderly nursing home residents, with risk factors including being male, having light skin, outdoor work history, and smoking. Regular skin checks are recommended.

Multimodal primary treatment improves survival in premenopausal breast cancer patients and is also beneficial for postmenopausal women.

Sex hormones may influence COVID-19 severity, with males at higher risk, and certain hormone therapies could potentially treat the virus.

Certain nutrients can help keep skin healthy as we age.

Putting thymidine dinucleotide on newborn mice's skin can delay and reduce skin cancer.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) mainly affects nearby cells, doesn't significantly change prostate hormonal environment or cancer risk, and doesn't play a main role in causing hair loss or acne. More research is needed on its effects on heart health, sexual function, and bone health.

Men with less sun-sensitive skin have lower PSA levels, while men with more sun-sensitive skin have higher PSA levels.

Researchers found four genes that could help diagnose severe alopecia areata early.

Higher miR-34a levels and the A variant of the MIR-34A gene are linked to increased risk and severity of alopecia areata.

PRP may help with aging and osteoarthritis, improving tissue repair and reducing surgery risk.

Metastatic cervical cancer can cause rare, severe Cushing's syndrome with high risk of death.

Many pediatric epilepsy patients experience preventable severe adverse drug reactions, especially with certain medications and risk factors.

A 78-year-old man with Cronkhite-Canada syndrome improved significantly after treatment and remains symptom-free.

Cold-pressed rapeseed oil is most resistant to oxidation and certain oils may reduce chronic disease risk; consumers like the taste of pumpkin oil best.

Excessive iodine from a cystic fibrosis supplement can cause hypothyroidism.

Eating a balanced diet with specific nutrients can help manage menopause symptoms and prevent related health issues.

Control symptoms and use safe treatments for skin conditions like lichen planopilaris and chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus.

Maternal aspartame consumption during pregnancy leads to skin damage and higher apoptosis in newborn rat offspring.

Exposure to certain sex hormones can increase health risks, while some hormone therapies may offer benefits for specific conditions.

Different prostate cancer treatments have similar risks of secondary cancers and related mortality when considering patient age and smoking history.

The document concludes that a new biosensor can efficiently detect prostate cancer cells and that standardized referrals help find significant cancers effectively.

Higher urethral PSA levels after prostate removal surgery may be linked to more hair loss and higher PSA levels post-surgery.

Chemotherapy in the first trimester of pregnancy is risky, but in the second and third trimesters, it's generally safe with careful drug selection and timing.

Off-pump heart surgery reduces complications without affecting survival rates compared to on-pump surgery.

Improving artificial vascular grafts requires better materials and surface designs to reduce blood clotting and support blood vessel cell growth.

Shorter CAG repeats may cause hair and skin issues, while longer ones may link to acne.

Hormone treatments for transgender individuals generally improve mental health and physical transition, with some health risks that require medical supervision.

The environment around the time of conception can change the VTRNA2-1 gene in a way that lasts for years and may affect disease risk.

Certain genes on chromosomes 6, 10, 16, and 18 may increase the risk of alopecia areata.