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Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

SVF-enhanced adipose transplantation shows potential as a hair loss treatment.

Finasteride and minoxidil are effective FDA-approved treatments for androgenetic alopecia.

Some stem cells in the body rarely divide, which could help create better treatments for diseases and aging.

The document concludes that menopause should be seen as a natural part of aging and managed with personalized care and informed choices.

Nanomaterials in biomedicine can improve treatments but may have risks like toxicity, needing more safety research.

Further research is needed to improve hair regeneration using stem cells and nanomaterials.

Antiandrogens have important biological effects, but more research is needed to understand them fully and compare their effectiveness and side effects to other treatments.

Safflower has been used in traditional medicine for centuries and shows promise in treating heart, brain, and inflammatory conditions, but more research is needed to ensure its safety.

AIRE-deficient rats developed severe autoimmune disease similar to APECED, useful for testing treatments.

Topical clobetasol is recommended over mycophenolate mofetil for treating Lichen Planopilaris due to better safety and patient satisfaction.

Birth control pills combined with bicalutamide are more effective at reducing excessive hair growth in women with PCOS than birth control pills alone.

Microneedle technology is beneficial for drug delivery and could make vaccinations cheaper and more accessible.

Betacoronaviruses, like COVID-19, may cause hormone system dysfunction and affect disease susceptibility and severity.

Platelet lysate is more effective than activated autologous platelet-rich plasma or saline in improving hair growth after hair restoration surgery.

Dermatologists should screen for and manage psychological issues in patients with skin conditions to improve their quality of life.

Topical contact sensitizers can treat certain skin conditions but are rarely used in the U.K.

Treatments for common hair loss include minoxidil, finasteride, and hair transplantation.

New drugs and combination therapies are improving treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms.

High levels of male hormones in pregnant mice cause heart enlargement and poor heart function in their female babies.

The guide explains how to study human skin fat cells and their tissue, aiming to improve research and medical treatments.

Topical minoxidil helps treat female pattern hair loss, but more research needed for other treatments.

Researchers developed a reliable method to measure testosterone and epitestosterone in urine for medical and anti-doping use.

Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

Liposomes show promise in cancer treatment by delivering drugs with less toxicity and improved effectiveness.

Systemic retinoids are effective for psoriasis but have side effects; benefits may outweigh risks, especially when reducing cancer risks from other treatments.

Teucrium polium extracts are non-toxic and effectively speed up wound healing.

Sodium Valproate nanospanlastics could be a safe and effective treatment for Androgenic Alopecia, with fewer side effects than minoxidil.

There is no standard treatment for the rare Cronkhite–Canada syndrome, which can be fatal and lead to cancer.

Oriental herbal medicine with moxibustion may improve pregnancy rates and other symptoms in PCOS, but more high-quality research is needed.