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The Rotterdam Study updated its design and objectives in 2012, providing insights into various diseases in the elderly, including skin cancer, bone health, liver disease, neurological and psychiatric conditions, and respiratory issues.

TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

Hair loss and aging are caused by the breakdown of a key protein in hair stem cells.

A protein from certain immune cells is key for new hair growth after skin injury in mice.

Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.

BAY 43-9006 helps control kidney cancer growth but doesn't significantly increase overall survival.

Creating stronger blockers for skin enzymes might lead to better treatment for conditions like acne and excessive hair growth.

Chitin and chitosan are useful in cosmetics for oral care, haircare, and skincare, including UV protection and strength improvement.

The Rotterdam Study aims to understand various diseases in older adults.

The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

Tiny pollution particles called PM2.5 can harm skin cells by causing stress, damage to cell parts, and cell death.

Telogen effluvium is a reversible hair loss condition that requires a detailed diagnosis and often resolves on its own.

Pregnancy can cause various skin changes and diseases, with PUPPP being the most common skin condition specific to pregnancy.

Iron deficiency may be related to hair loss, but there's not enough evidence to recommend iron screening or supplements for all hair loss patients.

Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.

Antiandrogens like flutamide are effective in treating conditions like prostate cancer and hair loss, but there's a need for more potent versions. Understanding their structure can help develop better treatments.

The cuneate nucleus has two main neuron types: relay neurons and interneurons.

Calcium affects where root hairs grow, but other unknown factors determine their growth direction.

Use minoxidil for hair loss; finasteride and dutasteride for men, dutasteride for women.

Male and female bodies respond differently to stress, influenced by hormones and development stages, with implications for stress-related diseases.

Visible light can damage skin and most sunscreens don't block it well; more research is needed on its effects and protection methods.

The ZIP7 gene helps control zinc levels in cells by moving zinc from the Golgi apparatus to the cytoplasm.

Targeted cancer therapies often cause serious skin problems that need careful management.

The document concludes that developing generic topical drugs requires ensuring they match the original in quality, composition, and structure, and often involves complex testing and regulatory steps.

Melatonin may benefit skin health and could be a promising treatment in dermatology.

Biotinidase deficiency has various symptoms and can be treated with biotin supplements.

Opioid painkillers can cause many side effects, including breathing problems and addiction, but are generally considered safe when used properly.

Special fiber materials boost the healing properties of certain stem cells.

Hair follicles significantly increase the speed and amount of caffeine absorbed through the skin.

Minoxidil, finasteride, and low-level laser light therapy effectively treat hair loss.