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Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Calreticulin has roles in healing, immune response, and disease beyond its known functions in the endoplasmic reticulum.

The skin has a complex immune system that is essential for protection and healing, requiring more research for better wound treatment.

The document concludes that the understanding of scar formation is incomplete and current prevention and treatment for hypertrophic scars and keloids are not fully effective.

Different types of fibroblasts play various roles in diseases and healing, and more research on them could improve treatments.

Treatments that reduce oxidative stress and fix mitochondrial problems may help heal chronic wounds.

The document concludes that mouse models are helpful but have limitations for skin wound healing research, and suggests using larger animals and genetically modified mice for better human application.

Chemotherapy can cause various skin reactions, with hair loss being the most common, and proper diagnosis and treatment of these reactions are important.

The secretome from mesenchymal stem cells is a promising treatment that may repair tissue and avoid side effects of stem cell transplantation.

New nanofiber technology improves wound healing by supporting cell growth and delivering treatments directly to the wound.

Stem cell offspring help control their parent stem cells, affecting tissue health, healing, and cancer.

Future hair loss treatments should aim to extend hair growth, reactivate resting follicles, reverse shrinkage, and possibly create new follicles, with gene therapy showing promise.

Stem cells are crucial for skin repair and new treatments for chronic wounds.

Artificial skin development has challenges, but new materials and understanding cell behavior could improve tissue repair. Also, certain growth factors and hydrogel technology show promise for advanced skin replacement therapies.

Some herbal therapies may help with skin conditions, but more research is needed to confirm their safety and effectiveness.

Men are more likely to have severe COVID-19 cases and fatalities than women due to factors like lifestyle, aging, and biological differences.

New effective scar treatments are urgently needed due to the current options' limited success.

Some medicinal plants can help heal wounds and may lead to new treatments.

The peptide GHK-Cu helps heal and remodel tissue, improves skin and hair health, and has potential for treating age-related inflammatory diseases.

Blocking COX, especially COX-2, in the skin can reduce inflammation and pain and may help prevent skin cancer.

Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.

Understanding hair growth involves complex interactions between molecules and could help treat hair disorders.

Male and female skin differ due to hormones, affecting conditions like hair loss, acne, and skin cancer, and suggesting a need for gender-specific treatments.

Effective treatments for male pattern baldness include oral finasteride and topical minoxidil, while topical minoxidil is best for female pattern baldness.

Minoxidil boosts hair growth by increasing cell production and survival.

Understanding different types of skin cells, especially fibroblasts, can lead to better treatments for wound healing and less scarring.

Periodontal ligament stem cells show promise for regrowing tissues but require more research for safe, effective use.

Turmeric may have benefits for skin health, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.

Exosomes could potentially enhance tissue repair and regeneration with lower rejection risk and easier production than live cell therapies.

Adam10 enzyme is crucial for healthy skin and proper Notch signaling.