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Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

The research suggests that Tourette syndrome is linked to both brain signaling and immune system pathways.

Enzyme replacement therapy improved multiple symptoms of homocystinuria in mice.

Testing for CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene is not currently recommended for managing hypogonadism.

The study found that mouse sweat glands develop before birth, mature after birth, and have specific keratin patterns.

Lipocalin-2 levels are higher in women with PCOS and may indicate insulin resistance.

Steven Kossard classified lymphocyte-related hair loss into four patterns, each linked to different types of baldness.

Vegetarian Indian women with PCOS have higher inflammation levels than non-vegetarians.

Proper control of β-catenin activity is crucial for development and preventing diseases like cancer.

New resveratrol-related compounds show promise for treating various health issues but need more research for clinical use.

Certain human skin cells marked by CD44 and ALDH are rich in stem cells capable of long-term skin renewal.

Three white adults had a rare scalp condition with increased fat and sometimes hair loss, suggesting it's not limited to black women and might be more widespread.

iNKT cells can help prevent and treat alopecia areata by promoting hair regrowth.

The skin and thymus develop similarly to protect and support immunity.

Researchers created a mouse model for Cushing's syndrome to study glucocorticoid excess and potential treatments.

AIRE-deficient rats developed severe autoimmune disease similar to APECED, useful for testing treatments.

New method measures female hair loss: Female Pattern Hair Loss Severity Index (FPHL-SI).

Cholesterol balance is important for hair health, and problems with it can lead to hair loss conditions.

The document concludes that understanding hair follicles requires more research using computational methods and an integrative approach, considering the current limitations in hair treatment products.

Using 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels to diagnose nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia can result in many incorrect diagnoses.

Protein hydrolysates applied to roots or leaves differently improved lettuce yield and quality, with the best results seen in specific combined treatments for each type.

Some growth factors, while important for normal body functions, can cause diseases when not regulated properly.

Facial rejuvenation surgery makes people look younger, more attractive, successful, and healthy.

Certain SHBG gene variants, like rs727428, are linked to higher testosterone levels in women with PCOS.

Light microscopy is useful for diagnosing different hair disorders.

Gene network oscillations inside hair stem cells are key for hair growth regulation and could help treat hair loss.

People with myotonic dystrophy type 1 have a higher chance of getting skin tumors, including melanoma.

Laser treatments are the most effective for porokeratotic adnexal ostial nevus.

Hair loss in Rhesus macaques may be caused by a skin allergy-related condition.

Genetic discoveries are key for understanding, diagnosing, and treating inherited hair and nail disorders.