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TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

Stem cells are crucial for skin repair and new treatments for chronic wounds.

The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

Sorafenib is effective in treating Desmoid Tumor/Deep Fibromatosis.

The guidelines suggest a detailed approach to diagnosing and treating lupus, with a focus on regular check-ups, personalized medicine, and a range of drug options for different cases.

Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss in men, while minoxidil treats hair loss in women.

Antiandrogens like flutamide are effective in treating conditions like prostate cancer and hair loss, but there's a need for more potent versions. Understanding their structure can help develop better treatments.

Ruxolitinib effectively regrows hair in most patients with severe hair loss.

Targeted cancer therapies often cause serious skin problems that need careful management.

Melatonin may benefit skin health and could be a promising treatment in dermatology.

Spironolactone is a safe and effective treatment for reducing excessive hair growth in women.

Cancer treatments targeting specific cells and the immune system can cause skin, mouth, hair, and nail problems, affecting patients' quality of life and treatment adherence.

Oral antiandrogens effectively treat female hair loss, with better results in higher hair loss grades.

New effective scar treatments are urgently needed due to the current options' limited success.

Alopecia areata involves immune activation in the scalp, suggesting treatments targeting TH1, TH2, and IL-23 pathways.

Current treatments for alopecia show no significant long-term benefits.

Effective treatments for male pattern baldness include oral finasteride and topical minoxidil, while topical minoxidil is best for female pattern baldness.

Palliative chemotherapy is cost-effective for advanced gastric and colorectal cancer but not clearly for pancreatic-biliary cancer.

Pig skin is a good substitute for human skin to measure drug absorption, but differences in skin structure and enzymes across species must be considered.

Trilostane effectively improved symptoms in dogs with a certain adrenal gland disorder.

Understanding different types of skin cells, especially fibroblasts, can lead to better treatments for wound healing and less scarring.

Targeting the IL-23/IL-17 pathway effectively treats several inflammatory skin diseases.

The document concludes that adenosine receptor agonists have potential for treating various conditions, but only a few are approved due to challenges like side effects and the need for selective activation.

Dextran sulfate was found to be toxic and ineffective for treating HIV.

Taxane chemotherapy can cause skin, hair, and nail side effects, which are often under-reported and can affect patient quality of life.

EGFR inhibitors often cause skin problems and other side effects, but these are usually reversible and can be managed to keep patients comfortable.

Turmeric may have benefits for skin health, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.

Fat-derived stem cells show promise for skin repair and reducing aging signs but need more research for consistent results.

Microneedles help improve skin appearance and deliver skin treatments effectively, but safety concerns need more research and regulation.

Alopecia areata significantly lowers the quality of life, especially in emotional and mental health aspects.