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Some therapies using stem cells and platelet-rich plasma may help treat osteoarthritis, but more research is needed to ensure they are safe and effective.

Low-level Laser Therapy may help reduce inflammation, pain, and aid healing, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness and establish standard treatment guidelines.

In 2011, there were major scientific breakthroughs in cancer treatment, immunity, Parkinson's, virus simulation, schizophrenia, hair growth, lung cancer, and medical grafts.

Scientists are still unsure what triggers the immune system to attack hair follicles in Alopecia areata.

Hormonal contraceptives can help treat acne by affecting sebum production and androgen levels.

New therapies are being developed that target integrin pathways to treat various diseases.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

Young adults with hair loss face higher risk of stiff arteries.

Rare changes in the KRT82 gene are linked to a higher risk of Alopecia Areata.

Transplant success has improved with better immunosuppressive drugs and donor matching.

Testosterone therapy for transmasculine individuals is generally safe with medical supervision, improves mental health, and has mixed effects on physical health.

PCOS affects about 4% of women in the southeastern U.S. equally across Black and White populations.

Tacrolimus causes fewer acute rejections than cyclosporin A in kidney transplants but doesn't necessarily improve kidney function after one year; cardiovascular risks and side effects vary between the two drugs.

Older adults use lifestyle drugs to improve life quality and appearance, but caution is needed due to side effects and potential abuse.

Obesity is linked to various skin problems and may increase the risk of skin cancer.

Male pattern baldness involves hormone-related hair thinning, shorter hair, and inflammation.

Scientists have made progress in creating replacement teeth, hair, and glands that work, which could lead to new treatments for missing teeth, baldness, and dryness conditions.

Tamsulosin for enlarged prostate may increase the risk of severe low blood pressure, especially when starting or restarting the medication.

Manage women's cholesterol with diet, exercise, and careful treatment choices, especially during pregnancy, PCOS, and menopause.

People with lichen planus are more likely to have dyslipidemia, especially higher triglyceride levels.

Spironolactone might lower the chance of getting rosacea.

Primary care is key in managing PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes and medications like birth control and metformin.

Mild essential fatty acid deficiency can cause health issues and is worsened by low-fat diets.

Early balding, especially frontal, increases prostate cancer risk; more research needed.

Exosomes from umbilical cord cells fix hearing loss and damaged ear hair cells in mice.

Testosterone therapy seems safe and effective for transgender men with proper care, but more long-term research is needed.

The conclusion is that while oral contraceptive pills are effective for PCOS-related high androgen levels, new treatments with fewer side effects are needed.

Vitamin D and estrogen may help protect heart and kidney health, and maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels could be especially beneficial for African Americans, postmenopausal women, and people with chronic kidney disease.

Creatine monohydrate is safe and effective for muscle recovery and performance, especially for those with low creatine levels.

Drug repositioning is a promising way to quickly develop new treatments, especially for rare diseases.