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Activin A and follistatin control when ear hair cells form in mice.

Activin A promotes ear hair cell development, while follistatin delays it.

The document concludes that sex hormones are crucial for mammalian reproduction, health, and behavior, and require more research for therapeutic use.

Some lesser-known causes of PCOS include autoimmune issues, genetic mutations, and changes in the body's microbiome.

Proteins like aPKC and PDGF-AA, substances like adenosine and ATP, and adipose-derived stem cells all play important roles in hair growth and health, and could potentially be used to treat hair loss and skin conditions.

Men are more likely to get infectious skin diseases, while women are more prone to autoimmune and pigment-related skin conditions, influenced by biological and environmental factors.

Olfactory receptors found outside the nose may offer new treatments for diseases like cancer and help in wound healing and hair growth.

Light therapy using helium-neon lasers can help restore skin color in vitiligo by promoting skin cell growth and movement.

Damaging mutations in NFKB2 cause a severe and distinct form of primary immunodeficiency with early-onset and often ACTH-deficiency.

Androgens and androgen receptors are important for metabolic health, affecting how the body uses glucose and fats through mitochondrial function.

Changes in gut bacteria can contribute to the development of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), affecting metabolism, immunity, and causing inflammation. Treatments may involve adjusting these factors.

Nanomaterials show promise in improving wound healing but require more research on their potential toxicity.

Deleting the PTEN gene in mice causes nerve cells to grow larger and heal better after injury, but may cause overgrowth and hair loss in older mice.

The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is important for tissue development and has potential in regenerative medicine, but requires more research for therapeutic use.

Dihydrotestosterone treatment on 2D and 3D-cultured skin cells slows down hair growth by affecting certain genes and could be a potential target for hair loss treatment.

HAIR may cause fetal loss by triggering different cell death processes in the uterus and placenta.

Androgens block hair growth by disrupting cell signals; targeting GSK-3 may help treat hair loss.

Pediatric alopecia areata is more immune-active than adult cases, suggesting age-specific treatments and potential use of JAK inhibitors.

Hair loss in men is mainly caused by hormones and genes, and while current treatments can slow it down, they can't fully stop it.

Sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone may affect COVID-19 severity differently in men and women, potentially influencing prevention and treatment strategies.

Lysophosphatidic acid is important for skin health and disease, and could be a target for new skin disorder treatments.

Different signals work together to change gene activity and guide hair follicle stem cells to become specific cell types.

New targeted immunotherapies are improving treatment for inflammatory skin diseases.

Topical retinoids effectively improve photodamaged skin.

The new topical botanical formulation significantly regrew hair in all five patients without side effects.

Combining stress management and Minoxidil helps treat stress-related hair loss and improve well-being.

Scientists found a specific group of itch-sensing nerve cells in mice important for feeling itch but not for sensing heat or touch.

The combined treatment increased hair density in most patients with Androgenetic Alopecia.

Ectodysplasin signaling is crucial for skin appendage development, requiring specific doses and durations.

Advancements in hair follicle culture have led to better understanding and potential treatments for hair loss.