September 2026 in “JAMA Dermatology” In this study, US-based experts reached a consensus on treating adults with severe alopecia areata, recommending oral Janus kinase inhibitors as the primary long-term therapy, while also suggesting supplemental treatments like minoxidil and corticosteroids, with a call for more research on specific patient subpopulations.
This survey study reported the pricing, formulation, and delivery options for compounded topical alopecia medications in the tri-state area, finding varied costs and noting the capability of most pharmacies to exceed commercially available minoxidil concentrations and offer delivery services.
June 2020 in “Journal of Drugs in Dermatology” This case report highlights that frontal fibrosing alopecia can occur in black patients and may resemble androgenetic alopecia, underscoring the importance of considering FFA when diagnosing frontotemporal alopecia in this population.
2 citations
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July 2023 in “JAAD Case Reports” This review discusses the potential role of a PADI3 gene variant in central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia among African-American women but reports no new clinical results.
33 citations
,
May 1991 in “British Journal of Pharmacology” Cromakalim relaxes various blood vessels, while minoxidil sulphate is more selective; they likely act on different potassium channels.
32 citations
,
May 1995 in “Contact Dermatitis” This article reviews previous cases and reports of allergic contact dermatitis from minoxidil but does not provide new clinical findings.
68 citations
,
September 1990 in “Biochemical Pharmacology” This study found that minoxidil is bioactivated through sulfation by the phenol-sulfating form of phenol sulfotransferase in human liver.
34 citations
,
July 2018 in “American Journal of Physiology-heart and Circulatory Physiology” Minoxidil improves blood flow and vessel flexibility, potentially helping with vascular stiffness.
29 citations
,
September 1990 in “Biochemical Journal” This study reports the purification of a specific sulphotransferase from rat liver that catalyzes the sulphation of minoxidil, potentially implicating it in minoxidil's bioactivation.
27 citations
,
September 2018 in “Medicines” This study reported that oleic acid-based nanovesicles improve follicular delivery and reduce side effects of minoxidil compared to traditional MXD lotions.
25 citations
,
January 2010 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” This study found that polymeric nanoparticles retained more minoxidil and facilitated superior drug permeation compared to lipid nanoparticles, although premature drug release affected formulation performance.
20 citations
,
October 2018 in “Physics and chemistry of liquids” This study found that minoxidil exhibits preferential solvation by water in both water-rich and ethanol-rich solvent mixtures.
6 citations
,
August 2014 in “Spectroscopy Letters” This study reported that the calculated and experimental electronic and vibrational properties of minoxidil were in good agreement, providing detailed insights into its molecular structure and thermal behaviors.
14 citations
,
October 1977 in “The Lancet”
28 citations
,
February 2012 in “PLoS ONE” In this study, researchers identified a novel congenital skin disorder in Chesapeake Bay retrievers, linked to a plakophilin-1 deficiency due to a genetic mutation, marking the first known occurrence in an animal species.
June 2025 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This case report describes a rare genetic mutation causing congenital hypotrichosis, where a 2-year-old girl showed some improvement in hair growth with topical minoxidil treatment, supporting its potential use for this condition.
41 citations
,
December 2016 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” This review discusses the unique dermatologic needs of transgender individuals during transitioning and emphasizes the importance of accommodating care in medical settings; it reports no new clinical results.
6 citations
,
November 2007 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study found that topical fulvestrant did not significantly improve hair growth parameters in men and postmenopausal women with androgenetic alopecia, unlike minoxidil, which was more effective in men.
22 citations
,
October 2018 in “Aesthetic Plastic Surgery” This review discusses the latest understanding of androgenetic alopecia, including stem cell niches in hair follicles, and highlights emerging treatments like growth factors and platelet-rich plasma without new clinical findings.
September 2025 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry” This manuscript reviews the potential of targeting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway for developing new treatments for androgenetic alopecia, providing insights but no clinical results.
254 citations
,
September 2014 in “Menopause” The NAMS 2014 recommendations guide healthcare providers on treating health issues in midlife women, emphasizing individualized care and informed decision-making.
198 citations
,
October 2011 in “Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft” This article discusses the development of an evidence-based guideline for treating androgenetic alopecia and reports no new research results.
182 citations
,
October 2003 in “British Journal of Dermatology” These guidelines for alopecia areata management, prepared by the British Association of Dermatologists, provide evidence-based treatment recommendations and insights into the condition's epidemiology, diagnosis, and investigation.
179 citations
,
September 1998 in “BMJ” This article reviews the pathogenesis, genetic basis, and recent treatment breakthroughs for androgenetic alopecia but reports no new clinical findings.
153 citations
,
March 2017 in “Endocrine” This review examines recent advances in understanding the pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms of androgenetic alopecia, highlighting two major genetic risk loci, but does not report new clinical findings.
131 citations
,
May 2015 in “Experimental Dermatology” This review explores the development and cosmeceutical applications of microneedles for skin treatment, without reporting new clinical results, emphasizing safety and public perception as key factors for commercialization.
111 citations
,
March 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery” This review discusses the potential use of liposomal formulations to enhance the effectiveness of cosmeceutical delivery through the skin barrier, with no new clinical results reported.
81 citations
,
December 2009 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” This review discusses the paracrine effects of adipose tissue-derived stem cells on surrounding cells and tissues, noting their potential therapeutic benefits, but reports no new clinical results.
49 citations
,
February 2019 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” This review offers evidence-based recommendations for diagnosing and treating female pattern hair loss, emphasizing clinical assessment and starting treatment with minoxidil, while noting that measurement of certain hormones and vitamins is optional.
14 citations
,
January 2016 in “Elsevier eBooks” This article discusses the benefits of liposomes in cosmetic formulations, including enhanced hydration and protection for dry skin, but reports no new experimental findings.