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Keratins help protect cells, aid in cancer diagnosis, and influence cancer behavior and treatment.

DNA profiling in forensics has improved, but predicting physical traits and ancestry from DNA has limitations and requires ethical consideration.

Microspheres about 1.5 micrometers in size can best penetrate hair follicles, potentially reaching important stem cells.

Anticancer drugs are increasingly found in surface waters, and their long-term environmental effects are not well understood, requiring better testing methods.

Polysaccharides have many health benefits and are used in drugs, but isolating and purifying them is complex and requires careful methods.

Stromal stem cells may help heal wounds by becoming structural cells or affecting the immune system, but more research is needed to understand how.

The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.

Treatments that reduce oxidative stress and fix mitochondrial problems may help heal chronic wounds.

New nanofiber technology improves wound healing by supporting cell growth and delivering treatments directly to the wound.

Niosomes are a promising, stable, and cost-effective drug delivery system with potential for improved targeting and safety.

Dermoscopy is a useful tool for identifying features of skin conditions, but more research is needed to define its role in dermatology.

Hair loss and aging are caused by the breakdown of a key protein in hair stem cells.

Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.

JAK inhibitors are effective in treating various immune-related diseases, not just rheumatoid arthritis.

The conclusion is that proper signaling is crucial for hair growth and development, and errors can lead to cancer or hair loss.

The Rotterdam Study aims to understand various diseases in older adults.

Guidelines suggest various treatments for alopecia areata, but leaving it untreated is also an option as 80% cases may recover on their own.

Different types of skin cells play specific roles in development, healing, and cancer.

The skin is a complex barrier for drug penetration, but understanding its structure and interactions can improve drug delivery methods.

Calcium affects where root hairs grow, but other unknown factors determine their growth direction.

Use minoxidil for hair loss; finasteride and dutasteride for men, dutasteride for women.

The ZIP7 gene helps control zinc levels in cells by moving zinc from the Golgi apparatus to the cytoplasm.

Hair follicle development and microbes help regulatory T cells gather in newborn skin.

The document concludes that developing generic topical drugs requires ensuring they match the original in quality, composition, and structure, and often involves complex testing and regulatory steps.

The new "differential stripping" method effectively measures how much substance gets into hair follicles.

Latanoprost can make eyelashes longer, thicker, and darker.

Blocking JAK-STAT signaling can lead to hair growth.

Nanoparticles improve drug delivery through the skin but more research is needed on their long-term effects and skin penetration challenges.

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is a genetic disorder with two forms, causing symptoms like early puberty and severe acne, but can be identified through screening and treated with glucocorticoids.

Estrogen loss during menopause worsens skin health, but hormone replacement therapy may improve it, though more research is needed.