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This study reports that testosterone requires conversion to DHT and estradiol for its various actions on external genitalia and bone, influencing lean mass, muscle size, strength, and body fat in hypogonadal males.

In this case report, a patient with pseudovaginal perineoscrotal hypospadias due to 5α-reductase deficiency presented gender dysphoria, and after genomic sequencing confirmation, injectable testosterone undecanoate treatment successfully developed desired male secondary sexual characteristics.

The authors concluded that most male pseudohermaphrodites should be raised as females, recommending early gender assignment and appropriate alterations to better support coping and development.

In this study, patients with testicular feminization syndrome showed limited anabolic responsiveness to dihydrotestosterone, potentially due to reduced affinity of nuclear receptor sites for androgenic steroids rather than defective testosterone conversion.

This study found that individualized GAHT regimens, including microdosing, effectively improved gender congruence and quality of life for non-binary individuals, but some experienced a decrease in bone mineral density.

In this study, transgender adolescents treated with testosterone for a median of 12 months experienced effective virilization, including voice deepening and increased hair growth, but also showed decreased HDL cholesterol and BMD z-scores, and increased hematocrit, with no short-term safety issues reported.

This letter to the editor states that the titles of two recent pieces in JAMA Internal Medicine should have included "in Men.

This article reports that the rise in erectile dysfunction among young men may be linked to mental health issues and societal pressures, with online communities often encouraging risky substance use like anabolic steroids and finasteride, which can exacerbate psychological and physical health problems.

This chapter reviews differences in dermatological treatments and conditions between male and female patients, particularly noting the impacts of sex steroids on various skin processes, but presents no new clinical findings.

This case report describes a postmenopausal woman with hirsutism and androgenetic alopecia, where imaging ruled out malignancy and selective venous sampling indicated increased testosterone from the right adrenal vein, leading to a recommendation for right adrenalectomy and oophorectomy.

This study reviews the increasing interest and reduced stigma surrounding men's plastic and cosmetic surgery, focusing on procedures like neuromodulator injections and hair transplants, highlighting their gender-specific aspects over the past decade.

This review evaluates the hormonal, metabolic, and clinical aspects of a male equivalent PCOS syndrome in men and highlights areas where further research is needed, reporting no new empirical findings.

This case study reported a 68-year-old woman with postmenopausal virilization due to a rare Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, where her symptoms and elevated testosterone levels only normalized post-surgery, underscoring the importance of thorough evaluation in such cases to improve diagnosis and treatment.

This publication reviews the World Professional Association for Transgender Health's Standards of Care for supporting transgender and gender nonconforming people, with adjustments needed for diverse global contexts and no new clinical results.

This review discusses the definition of polycystic ovary syndrome proposed by the AE-PCOS Society Task Force, emphasizing hyperandrogenism, ovarian dysfunction, and excluding related disorders, while noting potential variations needing more research.

This guideline from the Endocrine Society recommends using the Rotterdam criteria for diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome and outlines first-line treatments, emphasizing hormonal contraceptives and lifestyle intervention.

This paper reviews the diagnostic criteria, associated morbidities, and possible evolutionary advantages of polycystic ovary syndrome, but does not report any new findings.

This article reviews the clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and possible genetic and environmental influences of polycystic ovary syndrome but provides no new research findings.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

This review discusses genderqueer and non-binary identities and explores how mental health professionals can support these marginalized communities, but it reports no new findings.

This hypothesis paper suggests that PCOS may result from genetically determined ovarian hypersecretion of androgens, influencing hormone regulation and insulin resistance, with obesity further affecting its severity; no new clinical results are reported.

This review discusses the diagnostic criteria and management strategies for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and highlights the need for comprehensive clinical assessment, but does not report new clinical findings.

This review discusses the potential impact of endocrine-disrupting chemicals and body size on pubertal onset and progression, highlighting critical gaps and priorities for future research without presenting new clinical results.

This article discusses evaluation and treatment options for a 19-year-old woman with slowly progressive hair growth and reports no new clinical findings.

This review discusses the various phenotypes and diagnostic challenges of polycystic ovary syndrome, highlighting its complex pathophysiology and associated health risks, and reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the hypothesis that polycystic ovary syndrome may originate in fetal life due to prenatal androgen exposure, but reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the complex etiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), highlighting its association with insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism, but reports no clinical findings; the authors suggest further investigation of the pathophysiological mechanisms.

This review explores the hypothesis that polycystic ovary syndrome may originate in fetal life due to genetic predispositions and environmental influences, but it reports no new clinical findings.

PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.