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This chapter provides an overview of the complex chemical and physical structure of the hair surface, detailing how factors like ethnicity, environmental stress, and cosmetic treatments can alter its properties and influence the adhesion of hair care products.

This study showed that chemical and mechanical treatments significantly alter the nanoscale surface properties of hair, affecting its roughness, mechanical stiffness, adhesion, and surface potential.

This study found that male and female hair specimens show structural differences, with female hair having a brown color at the distal end and smooth surface texture, while male hair is completely black and shows surface irregularities; these differences may aid forensic analysis.

Hair treatments like bleaching increase friction by exposing tiny pores on the hair surface.

This study found that quercetin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles demonstrated positive protective effects on human hair against UV-B light, as they controlled microscopic surface roughness, reduced chemical changes, and minimized protein loss in vitro compared to other treatments.

In this study, combined treatment with transglutaminase and keratin significantly repaired damaged hair by improving its structural properties, reducing swelling, and enhancing crosslink activities, as evidenced by microscopy and spectroscopy analyses.

This paper presents an RGB video microscopic system to monitor optical properties of hair shafts and follicles in vitro, but reports no new clinical results.

This study used molecular dynamics simulations to illustrate the complex molecular behavior of the hair surface F-layer, highlighting how fatty acids interact with 18-MEA under different conditions.

This study developed an ointment from palm kernel oil and shea butter, which demonstrated improved hair growth in rabbits and may inform the creation of non-harmful hair growth products for humans.

This study investigated the hair structure of wild pigs in the Balıkesir region using stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, finding distinct bifurcation patterns, but concluded that pig bristles used in brushes likely wouldn't retain these features, complicating species identification.

This study found that 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane penetrates hair fibers and improves the mechanical resistance of dry hair, addressing the needs for increased body in fine hair.

This study found that modern styling cosmetics can significantly alter hair structure through changes in interfacial chemistry and cohesion, particularly when applied to already damaged hair.

This review discusses the current research and development of mannosylerythritol lipids, particularly focusing on their potential commercial applications in cosmetics; it reports no new results.

PMS nanoparticles improve damaged hair by protecting and restoring its surface and color.

This study highlights confocal microscopy as a promising, minimally invasive tool for assessing hair morphology and internal structures, making it valuable for cosmetic hair assessments.

This study found that hair treated with shampoo containing water-soluble silicone demonstrated smoother sliding and better detangling, compared to shampoo with water-insoluble silicone, due to differences in conditioning film formation.

In this study, researchers observed that even a single session of hair dyeing can damage hair fibers, with significant worsening of mechanical properties and protein composition after three or more consecutive treatments, emphasizing the need to consider the cumulative impacts of dyeing on hair health.

This study investigates the pharmacognostic properties of jojoba roots, focusing on microscopic characteristics, physico-chemical constants, fluorescence analysis, and preliminary phytochemical evaluation, but it does not report new clinical findings.

This review article highlights how hair follicle-targeting drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic outcomes and reduce side effects for treating conditions like androgenetic alopecia and acne vulgaris. The authors discuss current formulations and evaluate their performance in both preclinical and clinical settings.

This study found that hair luster decreases with age in Japanese females, primarily due to an irregular increase in fiber curvature which affects hair alignment.

This article reviews optical coherence tomography for skin imaging and its potential clinical uses, but does not include new clinical findings.

This study found no significant difference in the tensile properties of hair from different scalp positions, suggesting that microscopic structural heterogeneities may play a role.

This review discusses recent advances in surface modification and endothelialization of biomaterials for vascular grafts, highlighting promising methods like gene engineering and targeting ligand immobilization to improve clinical outcomes.

The researchers reported that adding specific combinations of hydrolyzed proteins to silicone-free shampoo improved hair conditioning properties by reducing friction and increasing surface adsorption and penetration into hair, compared to protein-free alternatives.

In this study, a bleaching protocol was developed to evaluate hair repair products, revealing that K18® and Olaplex® improve hair brightness and lightness, with distinct impacts on hair fiber properties.

This study demonstrated that human hair can be coated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles, allowing it to be oriented and moved by a magnetic field, which may enhance drug delivery and hair care applications.

This study developed a biodegradable nonwoven textile using a starch-based biopolymer and fruit extracts, resulting in materials that are stronger, more hydrophilic, and capable of releasing beneficial compounds over 72 hours, positioning them for potential use in medical, healthcare, and cosmetic applications.

This study developed a model using homogenization-based framework to quantify solvent and solute flow across Janus membranes, aiming to better understand interface phenomena like osmosis and phoresis by examining micro- and macro-scale behaviors.

This review discusses the development of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds for promoting angiogenesis in tissue engineering but notes that their clinical application beyond bone and skin repair is still limited.

This study demonstrated that molecular dynamics simulations of keratin could effectively model the mechanical properties of hair, aligning well with experimental data, especially when conducted in vacuum conditions.