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Improving artificial vascular grafts requires better materials and surface designs to reduce blood clotting and support blood vessel cell growth.

Microspheres about 1.5 micrometers in size can best penetrate hair follicles, potentially reaching important stem cells.

The skin's layers protect, sense, and regulate the body's internal balance, but can be prone to cancer.

New nanofiber technology improves wound healing by supporting cell growth and delivering treatments directly to the wound.

TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

Future hair loss treatments should aim to extend hair growth, reactivate resting follicles, reverse shrinkage, and possibly create new follicles, with gene therapy showing promise.

Visible light can damage skin and most sunscreens don't block it well; more research is needed on its effects and protection methods.

Hair loss needs more research for better treatments.

Myrtle has various health benefits and potential for medicine development.

Eating less sugar, milk, and saturated fats and more vegetables and fish may help treat and prevent acne.

Exosomes could potentially enhance tissue repair and regeneration with lower rejection risk and easier production than live cell therapies.

Fat cells in the skin help start healing and form important repair cells after injury.

The telogen phase of hair growth is active and important for preparing hair follicles for regeneration, not just a resting stage.

Understanding how cells die in the skin is important for treating skin diseases and preventing hair loss.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

The hydrogel with a 1:3 ratio of hydroxyethyl cellulose to hyaluronic acid is effective for delivering drugs through the skin to treat acne.

Macrophages help regrow hair by activating stem cells using AKT/β-catenin and TNF.

Olive oil compounds may help prevent cancer in animals, but human results are mixed.

Nerves and chemicals in the body can affect hair growth and loss.

No treatment fully prevents hair loss from chemotherapy yet.

Growth factors are crucial for hair development and could help treat hair diseases.

Scientists made the first metal-based compounds from a nonsteroidal antiandrogen drug, which showed potential in fighting both hormone-dependent and independent prostate cancer cells.

Cholesterol sulfate buildup due to a genetic mutation disrupts the skin barrier, leading to the scaling skin seen in X-linked ichthyosis.

Drugs penetrate scalp skin better than abdominal skin, with scalp hair follicles aiding in higher drug delivery.

Androgenetic alopecia involves genetics, hormones, and can be treated with medications or surgery.

mTOR signaling helps activate hair stem cells by balancing out the suppression caused by BMP during hair growth.

Blue light promotes hair growth by interacting with specific receptors in hair follicles.

Hair greying is caused by oxidative stress damaging hair follicles and melanocytes.

Macrophages are vital for skin healing, hair growth, salt balance, and cancer defense.

Nanoparticles can enter the skin, potentially causing toxicity, especially in damaged skin.