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Mercuric triflate is an effective catalyst for various organic reactions, working well at room temperature with high yields.

Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss; more research needed for other options.

Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.

5-alpha reductase inhibitors can cause sexual side effects like erectile dysfunction and reduced sexual desire, sometimes lasting after stopping the drug.

Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.

Oral finasteride works better than topical minoxidil for hair growth, both are safe.

The study identified and characterized new keratin genes linked to hair follicles and epithelial tissues.

Janus kinase inhibitors are promising drugs for treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.

Cepharanthine, a Japanese hair loss drug, shows promise as a COVID-19 treatment but needs more testing.

New genes and pathways are important for testosterone production and male sexual development.

Finasteride reduces hairiness and androgen levels in women with unexplained excessive hair growth.

Finasteride slowly binds to 5-alpha-reductase, affecting enzyme stability and inhibitor potency.

Low-dose finasteride may cause lasting sexual dysfunction and suicidal thoughts in young men.

The FOXN1 gene is crucial for developing immune cells and preventing immune disorders.

Men with coeliac disease may have hormone imbalances that could affect sexual function, but these can improve with better gut health.

People with diabetes or obesity should manage their conditions carefully as they have a higher risk of severe COVID-19.

Dermal papilla cells help wounds heal better and can potentially grow new hair.

Acne is caused by genetics, diet, hormones, and bacteria, with treatments not yet curative.

The intensive conventional diet with exercise led to better long-term weight loss and health improvements than the very low calorie diet in obese type 2 diabetics.

Korean Red Ginseng has beneficial components that help with stress, immunity, fatigue, memory, blood flow, and disease protection.

Some plant-based treatments can help with benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms, but more research is needed to confirm their safety and effectiveness.

Hirsutism is excessive hair growth in women often caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome, and identifying the cause is important for managing associated health risks.

Shampoos are designed to clean and improve hair and scalp health, with specific ingredients for different hair types and conditions.

Androgens cause skin issues like acne and hair growth in women, often due to PCOS, and can be treated with medication and lifestyle changes.

European guidelines recommend regular eye and ear exams, skin care, vitamin D supplements, and cautious use of medications for managing congenital ichthyoses.

The document concludes that for hair and feather growth, it's better to target the environment around stem cells than the cells themselves.

The conclusion is that published guidelines are improving transgender medical care, but more research and education in transgender medicine are needed.

The conclusion is that the best initial treatment for hirsutism is usually oral contraceptives, with the addition of antiandrogens or insulin sensitizers if needed, and topical eflornithine or laser treatments as supplementary options.

Stress increases certain chemicals in the skin and nerves, which might worsen skin conditions.