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The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

Overexpression of activin A in mice skin causes skin thickening, fibrosis, and improved wound healing.

Lactate production is important for activating hair growth stem cells.

Artificial skin development has challenges, but new materials and understanding cell behavior could improve tissue repair. Also, certain growth factors and hydrogel technology show promise for advanced skin replacement therapies.

Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

A gene called APCDD1, which controls hair growth, is found to be faulty in a type of hair loss called hereditary hypotrichosis simplex.

Sebocytes play a key role in controlling androgen levels in human skin.

Dutasteride and finasteride may reduce sperm count and volume but don't affect movement or shape; effects are reversible after stopping.

Women with PCOS are more likely to have impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes, especially if they are Asian or obese.

Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.

Finasteride for hair loss can cause long-lasting sexual side effects like low libido and erectile dysfunction.

The PDGF/PDGFR pathway is a potential drug target with mixed success in treating various diseases, including some cancers and fibrosis.

ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes are crucial for gene regulation, cell differentiation, and organ development in mammals.

New effective scar treatments are urgently needed due to the current options' limited success.

Capsaicin, found in chili peppers, can slow down hair growth by affecting skin cells and hair follicles.

Pectin biosynthesis is essential for the growth of cotton fibers and Arabidopsis root hairs.

Fibromodulin might help reduce scarring if increased in adult wounds like in fetal skin that heals without scars.

CDP is crucial for lung and hair follicle cell development.

PRP injections increase hair density and satisfaction in androgenetic alopecia patients.

Blood vessels and specific genes help turn cartilage into bone when bones heal.

Early development of hair, teeth, and glands involves specific signaling pathways and cellular interactions.

Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.

Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Tight junctions are key for skin protection and controlling what gets absorbed or passes through the skin.

Understanding hair growth involves complex interactions between molecules and could help treat hair disorders.

Male pattern baldness involves genetics, hormones, and needs better treatments.

Minoxidil treats hair loss, promotes growth, has side effects, and has recent patents.

Targeting the IL-23/IL-17 pathway effectively treats several inflammatory skin diseases.

The WNT signaling pathway is important in many diseases and targeting it could offer new treatments.

K_ATP channel gene mutations are linked to heart diseases, but more research is needed to understand the connection and treatment potential.