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Genetic mutations can cause hair growth disorders by affecting key genes and signaling pathways.

Sex hormones may affect COVID-19 severity, with men often faring worse, and targeting related pathways could offer treatment options.

The document suggests creating a validated score to diagnose Cushing's Syndrome and considers plasma steroid profiling as a simpler diagnostic method.

Male skin gets drier and more alkaline as it ages, which may need different skincare than women's skin.

The French Endocrine Society suggests diagnosing PCOS with two of three signs, recommends lifestyle changes and clomiphene for treatment, and calls for more research on certain treatments and tests.

Blocking the prolactin receptor might help treat various diseases, but more research is needed.

The document concludes that identifying the cause of amenorrhea is crucial for proper treatment.

Finasteride treatment in male rats causes long-lasting effects on depression-like behavior, brain cell growth, inflammation, and gut bacteria composition.

Men's hair loss is caused by hormones and genes, and can be treated with medication and surgery, while graying is due to aging and has no prevention except dyeing.

Lower hair zinc and copper levels found in Turkish males with hair loss; higher BMI linked to less hair zinc.

Bariatric surgery may help severely obese teenagers but has risks and requires careful patient selection and long-term care.

5-alpha-reductase inhibitors may reduce COVID-19 symptoms in bald males.

Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.

A male with aromatase deficiency improved bone health with estradiol treatment.

Androgens like testosterone are important hormones for both men and women, made differently in each sex and affecting the body by regulating genes and quick interactions with cell components.

The review suggests younger men taking 1 mg finasteride report more side effects, including sexual, skin, metabolic, and psychological issues.

Zinc can help with some skin problems, but its effectiveness varies depending on the condition.

Existing drug dexamethasone may lower death risk in severe COVID-19 cases; more research needed for other drugs.

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) can harm women's sexual health, and they may benefit from hormone therapy and counseling.

Hormone therapy affects hair growth in transgender individuals, with testosterone potentially causing hair loss in trans men and estrogen reducing facial/body hair in trans women; treatment options vary.

Dutasteride safely promotes hair growth and reduces hair loss, with mild side effects.

APS-1 in Italy shows diverse AIRE mutations and various autoimmune issues.

Testosterone therapy may slightly improve sexual function in postmenopausal women, but its long-term safety is unknown.

Steroidogenic isoenzymes may help improve treatments for common hair loss.

People who carry the 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency gene are not more likely to have excessive male hormone levels.

Acanthosis nigricans is a skin condition that may indicate a higher risk for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, and more research is needed to understand and treat it.

Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

The document concludes that early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for children with hair loss to prevent permanent damage, although not all conditions can be effectively treated.

Finasteride can cause one-sided breast enlargement, which disappears after stopping the drug.

Small changes in hormones can significantly impact health, showing the importance of sensitive testing for chemicals that disrupt hormones.