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In this study, PCOS patients had lower Spexin levels, which were inversely associated with adverse metabolic and hormonal profiles, suggesting a role for Spexin in PCOS pathways.

This article provides evidence on when it is appropriate to prescribe hormone therapy for women by reviewing cases from the author's practice and international literature, emphasizing the importance of primary care in managing hormonal imbalances.

This study found that bioavailable testosterone and the free androgen index were significantly associated with various clinical and biochemical features of PCOS, including hirsutism, showing higher levels in PCOS patients compared to controls.

The meeting highlighted the importance of genetic testing and multidisciplinary approaches in pediatric dermatology.

This summary presents papers from the British Society for Dermatopathology but does not report new scientific findings or results.

This compilation on contact and occupational dermatology in the Asia-Pacific region discusses various allergens and irritants without reporting new clinical findings.

This case-control study in Missan Province, Iraq, found that married women with PCOS had higher rates of obesity and menstrual irregularities, along with elevated testosterone, LH, and insulin levels, compared to healthy controls, highlighting significant hormonal and metabolic complications.

This study discusses the importance of careful dermatological care for transgender youth receiving hormonal therapies, cautioning that acne treatments can interfere with hormone replacement therapy and emphasizing the need for a collaborative interdisciplinary approach to support both acne management and overall well-being.

This review explores the association between sleep disturbances, obstructive sleep apnoea, and metabolic consequences like Type 2 diabetes, but reports no new experimental results; the authors elaborate on existing knowledge and suggest complex interconnections with fat accumulation and various syndromes.

This review discusses how sex hormone levels and local steroid synthesis influence gender differences in aging skin, reporting no new clinical results.

This review discusses the creation of transgender-specific guidelines by WPATH and the Endocrine Society, based mostly on clinical experience, and reports no new results.

This article reviews the use of cross-sex hormonal therapy in transmen and reports that it is reasonably safe, suggesting monitoring should be frequent initially but can be less frequent over time.

This study established an androgen-responsive human organ culture model using hair follicles, demonstrating that women's intermediate facial follicles grow more hair in response to men's higher androgen levels.

This study reported that women with polycystic ovary syndrome had higher glypican-4 levels compared to controls, indicating its significant role in hormonal regulation associated with the condition.

A 19-year-old male with delayed puberty was successfully treated for a condition that prevents normal hormone production.

This review discusses the 2011 publications on the side effects of sex hormones and related compounds, without reporting new clinical results.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

This study suggests that adding metformin to diet and exercise improves insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in women with PCOS, though lifestyle changes alone may enhance menstrual cycles.

This study found that a 6-month treatment with either metformin or rosiglitazone significantly improved endothelial function in young women with PCOS without any one drug being superior.

This paper reviews guidelines discussed at a meeting about research and practice themes, but reports no new research findings.

This review discusses 46,XY disorders of sex development caused by defects in androgen production and highlights the need for long-term care from experienced multidisciplinary teams, but it reports no new clinical findings.

This review examines androgen replacement therapy in women for treating androgen deficiency symptoms and reports no new clinical results, while noting potential safety within a specific dose range.

This study found that transient mtDNA double strand breaks in mice accelerated aging in certain tissues through increased reactive oxygen species, independent of p21/p53 pathway mediation.

This review suggests that quercetin supplementation may benefit ovarian functions and hormonal levels in polycystic ovary syndrome, though further high-quality trials are needed for confirmation.

In this study, stress experienced by transmen during early stages of gender transition was associated with reduced nocturnal blood pressure decline and increased C-reactive protein levels.

In this study, treatment with insulin sensitizers significantly increased adipose tissue GLUT4 mRNA expression and improved insulin resistance, menstrual patterns, and androgen profiles in PCOS patients, with rosiglitazone being more effective than metformin.

In this retrospective study, cyproterone acetate treatment in late-pubertal trans-girls was found to be generally safe and led to mild feminizing effects, with more rapid feminization occurring when combined with estrogens.

This case report describes a male patient with aromatase deficiency, revealing that a c.628G>A mutation can lead to varied clinical features, such as low bone mass and normal metabolic profiles.

This review discusses the current understanding of androgen biosynthesis, mechanisms of action, and their roles in human biology, as well as related congenital and acquired disorders, but it reports no new research findings.

This mini-review discusses the role of androgens, specifically testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, in the pathogenesis of autoimmune liver diseases and reports no new results.