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This review discusses the skin manifestations of endocrine diseases and reports no new clinical findings, emphasizing the importance of recognizing these signs for early diagnosis.

This review discusses the potential relationship between lichen planus pigmentosus and frontal fibrosing alopecia, presenting a case study but reporting no new clinical findings.

This study found that while serum prolactin levels were higher in women with hirsutism, the relationship between prolactin levels and hirsutism severity was not statistically significant.

In this study, metformin was found to reduce prolactin levels in men with hyperprolactinemia and normal hair growth but not in those with androgenic alopecia, suggesting that androgen excess may interfere with metformin's effects on prolactin.

This case report describes a 45-year-old man with a pituitary macroadenoma whose symptoms and tumor size improved significantly after one month of treatment with cabergoline.

This study in Saudi female patients with hyperprolactinemia found that pituitary imaging is often indicated due to a high prevalence of pituitary anomalies, with prolactin levels showing moderate accuracy in predicting adenomas and a suggested cutoff level of >38.71 ng/mL for diagnosis.

This study found that metformin's effect on reducing prolactin levels is less pronounced in women with PCOS compared to control subjects, likely due to higher endogenous testosterone levels, despite improvements in insulin sensitivity in both groups after six months of treatment.

This study found that serum zinc levels were significantly decreased in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome compared to their non-obese counterparts.

This study found that women experiencing diffuse hair loss had significantly lower levels of plasma sex-hormone binding globulin compared to controls, while their testosterone levels remained normal.

This study suggests that moderate elevated prolactin levels are unlikely to cause significant hair loss in women, but still warrant further diagnostic investigation to rule out a prolactin-producing pituitary tumor.

This letter reports three cases of diffuse hair loss linked to hyperprolactinaemia but does not present new research findings.

This case study observed that discontinuing risperidone reduced elevated prolactin levels and improved hair thinning in a 77-year-old woman, suggesting risperidone-associated telogen effluvium as a consideration in similar cases.

In this study, five patients with moderate hyperprolactinemia lacked symptoms, signs, or underlying causes, leading researchers to conclude that no further investigation or therapy was needed.

This case report describes a unique instance where elevated prolactin levels from a pituitary adenoma were associated with hirsutism due to increased dihydrotestosterone, with treatment leading to normalization.

This study observed that functional hyperprolactinemia in several women was associated with skin symptoms such as seborrhea, acne, and hair-related issues, resembling androgen-induced conditions.

In this study, elevated prolactin and DHEA-S levels along with reduced SBP were observed in fertile non-obese women with moderate body hair compared to controls, and ethynylestradiol plus desogestrel or cyproterone acetate treatment improved clinical outcomes by increasing SBP.

This study found significant hormonal differences, including elevated cortisol and androstenedione levels, in both male and female androgenic hair loss patients compared to controls, suggesting complex hormonal interactions in the condition.

This study observed that among Iraqi women with hirsutism, most had hypothyroidism and elevated hormone levels, particularly DHEAS and testosterone, with acne being the most common associated clinical feature.

In this study, hirsutism was the most prevalent skin manifestation among women with PCOS, and a significant association was observed between certain skin changes and hormonal abnormalities such as insulin resistance and elevated prolactin levels.

This study found that in female patients with androgenic hair loss and hirsutism, complex hormonal disturbances include elevated cortisol and thyroid hormone imbalances, rather than elevated androgen levels alone.

This study found that women with pilonidal sinus disease had significantly higher prolactin levels compared to women without the disease, suggesting a possible link to its development.

This study found that women with PCOS had significantly higher levels of several autoantibodies compared to healthy controls, suggesting a potential autoimmune component to PCOS that might aid in better disease characterization and personalized management.

This study observed that individuals with hair loss had significantly higher levels of serum galanin, troponin, prolactin, and FSH, and lower levels of TSH, zinc, magnesium, copper, iron, and calcium compared to healthy controls, suggesting a potential role of these biomarkers in hair loss.

This study found that PCOS patients with menstrual disorders exhibited hormonal changes and higher fasting glucose levels, despite no significant differences in insulin resistance markers.

In this review, the potential role of the hormone prolactin in skin biology and its implications for treating skin diseases and hair disorders are explored, with a focus on its stress-related impacts and possible immunomodulatory function in the context of COVID-19.

This study found that prolactin and its receptor are expressed in the murine hair follicle epithelium, influencing hair cycle phases by down-regulating keratinocyte proliferation during anagen and inducing premature catagen.

This case study reports a 60-year-old woman's clinical findings related to hypothyroidism and elevated prolactin levels but does not present new research results.

This case report suggests that long-acting injectable risperidone may induce hirsutism in some patients, and clinicians should monitor for this potential side effect when prescribing this antipsychotic.

This study found that the prevalence of hyperprolactinaemia in healthy premenopausal female blood donors is low and not affected by hormonal contraceptive use, with stress-related factors being the most common cause.

This review found that patients taking antiandrogens, 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors, and spironolactone have an increased risk of developing gynecomastia, potentially due to hormonal changes.