Molecular Basis of Androgen Action on Human Sexual Desire

The document from May 1, 2018, reviews the molecular mechanisms by which androgens, particularly testosterone, influence human sexual desire. It explains that testosterone is crucial for regulating sexual desire in both sexes, with its effects mediated through cognitive and peripheral physiological mechanisms. The review also discusses the roles of other hormones and neurosteroids in sexual function, the impact of genetic variations on reproductive behaviors, and the influence of environmental factors on the pituitary-gonadal axis. It notes that while testosterone is vital for male sexuality and can restore sexual interest in hypogonadal men, its relationship with female sexual arousal is complex and influenced by psychological factors. The document concludes that testosterone plays a significant role in some aspects of female sexuality, but this relationship is modulated by affective and psychological mechanisms. Additionally, genetic polymorphisms in the androgen receptor gene can affect reproductive traits and behaviors. The document suggests that evaluating testosterone levels is strongly recommended in men with decreased sexual desire and also recommended for both men and women when assessing prolactin levels, while the evaluation of other hormones is generally not recommended.