December 2021 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Thiol/disulfide balance is normal in male AGA patients but shifts towards oxidative stress with emotional stress and low vitamin D.
September 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Selenium disulfide shampoo effectively reduces dandruff and is well-liked by users.
September 1980 in “PubMed” Using selenium disulfide on guinea pigs increased hair loss.
51 citations,
September 2012 in “Biomacromolecules” Disulfide bonds make keratin in hair stronger and tougher.
11 citations,
September 1996 in “Journal of applied polymer science” Potassium cyanide treatment changes hair's disulfide bonds, making it more elastic.
May 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair's strength, especially when wet.
75 citations,
September 2015 in “Acta biomaterialia” Alkylation of human hair keratin allows for adjustable drug release rates in hydrogels for medical use.
35 citations,
February 2006 in “Textile Research Journal” Enzymes xylanase and pectinase clean wool and specialty hair fibers effectively without damage, offering an eco-friendly alternative to soap and hot water.
30 citations,
January 2009 in “The scientific world journal/TheScientificWorldjournal” Hair is hard to dissolve because of its complex proteins, but certain solvents that break specific bonds and hydrate can do it.
25 citations,
December 2011 in “Surface and interface analysis” Bleaching hair causes significant damage by breaking down proteins and fatty acids.
20 citations,
December 2012 in “Journal of molecular structure” The study found that thioglycolic acid breaks down hair bonds more consistently than l-cysteine, which is less damaging to hair.
18 citations,
January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Hair keratins evolved from ancient proteins, diversifying through gene changes, crucial for forming claws and later hair in mammals.
15 citations,
January 1992 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” The Cell Membrane Complex in hair has both water-attracting and water-repelling layers.
13 citations,
September 2014 in “Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology” UV radiation increases protein loss from hair and reduces hair protein quality.
13 citations,
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Hair coloring increases copper and calcium uptake, damaging hair and reducing shine.
12 citations,
June 2011 in “Journal of applied polymer science” L-phenylalanine and hydrolyzed eggwhite protein deeply penetrate human hair.
9 citations,
April 2019 in “Journal of structural biology” Hair's internal fibers are arranged in a pattern that doesn't let much water in, and treatments like oils and heat change how much water hair can absorb.
8 citations,
May 2017 in “IUBMB life” Astrotactin proteins are important for brain and skin development and are linked to several neurodevelopmental disorders.
8 citations,
January 2016 in “Journal of fiber science and technology” Bleaching hair increases cysteic acid levels in a predictable way.
6 citations,
October 2016 Understanding how keratin structures in hair are arranged and interact is key for creating methods to extract and purify them.
6 citations,
April 2005 in “Journal of dermatological science” The study found nine new hair protein genes in human hair follicles.
3 citations,
January 2002 in “Springer eBooks” Alkaline hair relaxers damage hair, but cationic and non-ionic polymers can help reduce this damage.
2 citations,
December 2019 in “Textile Research Journal” L-cysteine and ultrasound successfully improved rabbit hair fibers for industrial use.
2 citations,
January 2015 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Washing permed hair after using thioglycolic acid helps reform strong bonds, making hair stronger.
November 2022 in “International journal of trichology” Glyoxylic acid straighteners cause more protein loss but have similar hair strength effects as traditional alkaline straighteners.
January 2014 in “Sen i Gakkaishi” Liposome-encapsulated thioglycolic acid improves hair perming effectiveness and durability.
January 2013 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” Hair perms or treatments seem safe to use up to 3 to 4 times during pregnancy.
January 2008 in “Chinese Journal of Spectroscopy Laboratory” Cysteine formation on hair indicates damage, best detected at pH 4.5.
13 citations,
January 2010 in “Advances in Biochemical Engineering / Biotechnology” Understanding hair biology is key to developing better treatments for hair and scalp issues.
4 citations,
April 1955 in “Textile Research Journal” The effectiveness of reducing agents on hair fibers depends on their electrode potentials.