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This study found that polyamines enhance genome integrity by facilitating homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair, suggesting a novel role for polyamines beyond promoting cell growth and proliferation.

This study describes a co-dominant E410D mutation in keratin hHb6 associated with severe hair loss and extensive papules in homozygous individuals, with variable expression in heterozygous family members.

People with X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia have no sweat ducts and less, thinner hair.

This study explains that while trichothiodystrophy and xeroderma pigmentosum share genetic defects, TTD patients primarily exhibit issues in transcription initiation, not the increased skin cancer risk seen in XP.

This study identified a missense variant in the EDA gene of a male cat, which likely caused hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, characterized by hair and teeth abnormalities; this represents the first report of such a genetic condition in cats.

This study presents the first detailed 3D models of the complete K1/K10 keratin dimer and identifies structural features and interactions that may inform understanding of keratin filament assembly.

Hox genes control hair follicle stem cell regeneration in different body regions.

This study found two recurrent missense mutations in the hHb6 gene associated with monilethrix in families from Russia and Colombia, supporting their role in this hair disorder worldwide.

This study found that DNA-damaged hair follicle stem cells in mouse models do not show typical senescent markers but are dynamically expelled to maintain tissue health and prevent hair loss.

This study found that the HS III element in the K14 gene's regulatory sequence promotes gene expression in inner root sheath keratinocytes, highlighting cooperative interactions in keratinocyte-specific gene regulation.

This study found that the mutation Glu402Lys in keratin hHb6 may be associated with monilethrix, and homozygous patients in a consanguineous family exhibited more severe symptoms.

This study found a novel R430Q gene mutation in hHb6, which may be linked to the hereditary hair disorder monilethrix in the examined family.

This research suggests that hair keratins evolved from claw keratins in a hairless ancestor, with Hoxc13 controlling their expression in tetrapods, evidenced by the knockout of Hoxc13 hindering claw formation in Xenopus tropicalis frogs.

In this study using Xenopus laevis embryos, reduced levels of the desmosomal protein desmoplakin led to defects in epidermal and cardiac structures, suggesting its crucial role in tissue integrity.

This review discusses recent advances in understanding the Eda pathway's role in developmental biology, and highlights ongoing trials and areas for further research, including Eda's potential involvement in cell processes and disease.

The study reported a significant genotype–phenotype correlation in prepubescent males with XLHED, particularly in the severity of skin and hair manifestations between those with different EDA mutations.

Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair structure during keratinization.

This study found that postnatal treatment with recombinant EDA normalized adult teeth, improved sweating, and restored normal lacrimation in dogs with XLHED, suggesting its potential as a treatment for the condition.

This study found that the desmosomal protein desmoplakin is crucial for proper epidermal morphogenesis and radial intercalation in developing Xenopus embryos, affecting keratin organization and ectodermal structures.

This review synthesizes the diverse roles of the transcription factor LHX2 in development, tissue maintenance, and injury repair across various organ systems, highlighting its potential therapeutic applications and significance in regenerative medicine, particularly in developmental disorders and tissue regeneration.

This study found that the HoxC gene cluster is crucial for the development of hair and nails in mice, with key regulation by two mammalian-specific enhancers.

This study demonstrated that de novo designed bifunctional proteins can target and degrade BCL-xL, leading to cell apoptosis, suggesting a new approach to targeted protein degradation therapy.

This review provides an overview of Hox genes, focusing on their evolutionary history, genomic organization, and roles in development, but reports no new study results.

Keratin fibers in hair twist left-handed.

This review discusses the complexities and uncertainties in the pathways and mechanisms for disulfide bond formation in multicellular organisms and reports no new experimental findings.

This study found that the HoxC gene cluster plays a critical role in the development of ectodermal organs, including hair and nails, with mammalian-specific enhancers increasing transcription levels during development.

This research quantified the fidelity of human mitochondrial DNA polymerase and found it averages 1 error in 440,000 nucleotides, impacting its function related to disease and mitochondrial health.

A common mutation in the hHb6 gene is linked to monilethrix, but other factors may also play a role.

This study found that loss-of-function mutations in the HOXC13 gene cause autosomal-recessive pure hair and nail ectodermal dysplasia, emphasizing its role in hair and nail development.

This study confirms that the proposed universal model for hard α-keratin structure applies to all known forms across various mammalian species.