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Hair loss increases with age and is triggered by hormones like androgens.

The vitamin D receptor is involved in multiple body functions beyond calcium regulation, including immune response and rapid reactions not related to gene activity.

While PCOS might increase the risk of heart disease, there's not strong evidence to prove it causes earlier heart problems.

Histamine plays key roles in immune responses, stomach acid, and brain signals.

JAK inhibitors are effective in treating various immune-related diseases, not just rheumatoid arthritis.

Using drugs to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway has potential for treating diseases but also presents challenges.

The document concludes that blocking the internal pathways that create androgens might help treat cancers that depend on sex hormones.

Hormones significantly affect hair and oil gland function in the skin, and more research is needed on skin-related hormone disorders.

Chronic Telogen Effluvium may resolve after years and is diagnosed by examining the patient's history and clinical signs, with treatment aimed at underlying causes and possibly minoxidil.

New genetic discoveries may lead to better treatments for alopecia areata.

Excessive putrescine causes hair loss in transgenic mice by disrupting hair follicle development.

Scientists discovered a unique hair protein, KAP24.1, with a special structure, found only in the upper part of hair cuticles.

Hair ages as the cuticle wears down, especially beyond 1 meter from the root, affecting its strength and shine.

New treatments for acne scars are safer and more effective because we understand the causes better.

Cardiovascular disease deaths decreased but still caused one-third of U.S. deaths in 2007, with high rates of hypertension, smoking, obesity, and diabetes.

Women may need different blood pressure guidelines than men for heart disease prevention.

Genes play a significant role in male-pattern baldness, and understanding them could lead to new treatments and insights into related health issues.

Alopecia areata was most common in people in their 30s and 40s, with some family history and a higher relapse rate, and larger bald areas responded better to specific immunotherapy.

Hair regrowth slows with age due to changes in enzyme activity.

Eruptive vellus hair cysts are a cosmetic skin condition, more common in young adults, with few effective treatments.

Chronic hair shedding may be caused by less variation in hair growth times and might stop on its own after several years.

New treatments for hair loss show promise, especially finasteride for men and a stronger minoxidil formula.

Curcuma species improve skin health but need more research for best use.

Researchers found a new gene, hacl-1, that is active in mouse hair follicles during hair growth and may be important for hair biology.

Doctors used to view PCOS too narrowly, but now understand that insulin resistance is a key factor in the condition.

Fetal-maternal stem cells in a mother's hair can help with tissue repair and regeneration long after childbirth.

Early balding, especially frontal, increases prostate cancer risk; more research needed.

Treatments for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) focus on reducing symptoms, restoring regular periods, and helping with pregnancy. Common treatments include hormone suppressors, fertility drugs, and insulin-sensitising agents.

The hair's outermost surface has multiple layers of lipids and proteins.

Cigarette smoke condensates increase tumor-promoting markers in mouse skin, especially around hair follicles.