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B-Raf and C-Raf are essential for maintaining melanocyte stem cells to prevent hair graying.

MEK and BRAF inhibitors increase sebum production and accumulation, which could cause acne-like side effects.

The paper concludes that understanding melanocyte development can help in insights into skin diseases and melanoma diversity.

TAF4 is important for skin cell growth and helps prevent skin cancer in mice.

A person with a specific gene mutation had extra teeth, unique jaw and hair features not seen before in this condition.

Keratin proteins are essential for keeping the cells in the human colon healthy and stable.

Melanocytes are crucial for skin pigmentation and can affect conditions like melanoma, vitiligo, and albinism, as well as hair color and hearing.

Melanocyte precursors in human fetal skin follow a specific migration pattern and some remain in the skin's deeper layers.

The ketogenic diet might improve certain skin conditions, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.

RET mutation is important in familial medullary thyroid carcinoma, and BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma is linked to more aggressive cancer and higher death rates.

Targeted therapies for advanced skin cancer often cause hair and nail problems, which need managing to avoid changing the treatment dose.

Vemurafenib can cause scalp issues but can be managed without changing the dose.

Thymic LCH may be underdiagnosed, so thymic ultrasound should be considered in infants with cutaneous LCH.

Moles may stop growing because of cell cooperation, not just because of aging cells.

Moles may stop growing due to cell cooperation, not just because of individual cell aging.

The document concludes that understanding nail anatomy is key for diagnosing nail diseases, early signs of nail melanoma may allow for less aggressive treatment, and specific genetic mutations are important in thyroid cancer prognosis and treatment.

Scalp melanoma is more common and easier to diagnose early in people with androgenetic alopecia due to sun damage.

Scalp melanoma is often diagnosed late in people with hair loss, leading to worse outcomes.

Non-scarring hair loss can be diagnosed with two 4mm punch biopsies, one cut vertically and the other transversely.

A woman got melanoma on her scalp after anti-hair loss treatment with injections.

Metformin and thiazolidinediones are similarly effective for PCOS, but metformin is often preferred due to fewer side effects.

Skin problems can be caused or worsened by physical forces and pressure on the skin.

Patients with Bohring-Opitz syndrome and ASXL1 mutations need regular kidney ultrasounds to check for tumors.

Scalp melanomas are more dangerous and often missed, needing earlier detection.

Where melanoma is on the body affects survival chances; melanomas on the back of the head are worse, while those on thighs and arms are less severe, and more sun exposure might improve survival.

People with myotonic dystrophy type 1 have a higher chance of getting skin tumors, including melanoma.

Oncogenic K-ras causes rapid cancerous changes in the mouth's lining.

The new algorithm removes hair from skin images better than previous methods, helping diagnose melanoma.

Dermoscopy is useful for many health professionals, not just dermatologists, in improving skin condition diagnoses and reducing unnecessary biopsies.

Bimatoprost increases hair growth in mice without breaking down into other substances.