May 2025 in “The Journal of Rheumatology” In this case report, a woman with unexplained hair loss and high ANA levels developed systemic lupus erythematosus, highlighting the importance of monitoring autoantibodies for early lupus detection and management.
June 2015 in “Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases” This clinical case report describes a 44-year-old male whose initial diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis progressed over a decade to include systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren's Syndrome, highlighting the complexity of managing multiple autoimmune syndromes.
July 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This case report from a pediatric setting highlighted how an 11-year-old with Hashimoto thyroiditis experienced atypical manifestations such as short stature, pubertal issues, and hair loss after starting levothyroxine therapy, underscoring the need for early diagnosis and multidisciplinary care to improve health outcomes.
July 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” In this case report, an 11-year-old girl with hypothyroidism was found to have Hashimoto thyroiditis after presenting with hair loss, short stature, and pubertal disturbances; the study emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and personalized thyroid hormone therapy for better outcomes.
11 citations
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October 2021 in “Orphanet journal of rare diseases” This study found that patients with RASopathies have lower serum IgA and CD8 levels compared to controls, indicating a potential risk for developing autoimmune disorders.
3 citations
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December 2022 in “Rheumatology Advances in Practice” This case study reported that systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can initially present as patchy non-scarring alopecia, potentially misdiagnosed as alopecia areata, highlighting the importance of thorough examination.
July 2024 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” This study analyzed adverse event reports from the FDA database and found that drugs such as immunomodulatory agents, monoclonal antibodies, minoxidil, contraceptives, and anti-TNF drugs are frequently associated with hair loss, suggesting guidance for dermatologists in identifying common medications linked to alopecia.
September 2025 in “Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde” In this study, a 15-year-old girl presented with symptoms suggesting thyrotoxicosis, and through various diagnostic tests, silent thyroiditis was ultimately diagnosed after negative scintigraphy, highlighting the importance of thorough differential diagnosis in thyroid disorders.
June 2022 in “Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology” This case report describes a rare association where herpes zoster infection may have triggered the first attack of NMOSD with systemic vasculitis in a patient, suggesting potential overlaps in immunopathogenesis.
59 citations
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March 2013 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” This study found that the prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis was significantly higher in Italian patients with polycystic ovary syndrome compared to controls, suggesting that these patients should be screened for the condition.
August 2023 in “Physician's journal of medicine” This review provides a detailed overview of Hashimoto thyroiditis, discussing its epidemiology, risk factors, genetic and environmental contributors, clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, and treatment options, emphasizing the importance of personalized treatment plans due to varied causes and symptoms.
June 2008 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Herpes gestationis is linked to certain antigens, atopic eczema affects T cell populations and may be eased by breastfeeding, higher doses of anti-androgen treatment can improve androgenic alopecia, topical minoxidil increases hair thickness, long-term methotrexate therapy can cause liver fibrosis in psoriasis patients, and Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus patients aren't at higher risk for autoimmune disorders.
148 citations
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September 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder causing hair loss, linked to specific hair follicle antigens and genetic factors.
5 citations
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March 2018 in “Advances in integrative medicine” This case report describes a novel integrative treatment approach leading to symptom improvement and significant reduction of thyroid antibodies in a young woman with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
1 citations
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January 2022 This case report describes a 29-year-old woman diagnosed with both systemic lupus erythematosus and Graves' disease, illustrating the occurrence of autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes with specific combinations of autoimmune disorders.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case report describes a rare and atypical presentation of primary hypothyroidism with myxedema in a two-year-old boy, highlighting the importance of recognizing unusual symptoms for timely treatment.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case report highlights that macro-TSH, a rare condition causing falsely elevated TSH despite normal thyroid hormone levels, can lead to misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment; identifying TSH antibodies and fractionation chromatography can prevent incorrect management, as demonstrated in a 19-year-old patient.
May 2025 in “The Journal of Rheumatology” In this case report, a 64-year-old woman diagnosed with both NMOSD and SLE showed mild improvement in vision and recovered from thrombocytopenia after treatment with glucocorticoids and Rituximab, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment for overlapping autoimmune disorders.
May 2025 in “The Journal of Rheumatology” This case report describes a 32-year-old Filipino female with mixed connective tissue disease who sequentially developed distinct autoimmune disorders over seven years, highlighting the complexities in diagnosis and management of overlap syndromes.
May 2025 in “The Journal of Rheumatology” This case report describes a woman whose initial presentation of SLE was persistent watery diarrhea, diagnosed as lymphocytic enterocolitis, and shows that immunosuppressive therapy resulted in symptom relief.
6 citations
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September 2020 in “Frontiers in Neurology” This study reported that the coexistence of myasthenia gravis and primary Sjögren's syndrome is rare, and managing the progress of myasthenia gravis is crucial for treatment, while it does not adversely impact Sjögren's syndrome.
1 citations
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June 2021 in “Disease and Diagnosis” This case report describes a rare instance of Hashimoto thyroiditis evolving into Graves' disease, emphasizing the potential for such transitions and the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.
January 2024 in “Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry” This case report describes the co-existence of Celiac Disease and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in an 18-year-old girl, managed with a gluten-free diet, steroids, and hydroxychloroquine.
1 citations
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January 2022 in “Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences” This study found that BDNF gene polymorphism was significantly associated with depression in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism in the Western Ukrainian population, unlike VDR and NMDA polymorphisms.
52 citations
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January 2022 in “Current Research in Pharmacology and Drug Discovery” This review highlights ongoing efforts in drug repurposing and development of new therapeutics against COVID-19, emphasizing the promise of these strategies in addressing the challenges posed by SARS-CoV-2 mutations and post-infection complications.
115 citations
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May 2016 in “Clinical Medicine & Research” This review discusses the complexities of interpreting thyroid function tests, highlighting the challenges primary care providers face due to patient demand and misinformation, but reports no new results.
April 2026 in “International Journal of Homoeopathic Sciences” This narrative review found a strong association between alopecia areata and autoimmune thyroid diseases, suggesting routine thyroid function and autoantibody screening could be beneficial for certain patients with extensive, recurrent, or early-onset alopecia areata.
September 2023 in “Medical and Clinical Case Reports” This source explores the association between alopecia areata and thyroid dysfunction, highlighting a particularly strong link with Hashimoto thyroiditis and hypothyroidism.
January 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This case report details a rare instance of a young male with coexisting autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2 and anti-GAD65 antibody-associated stiff person syndrome, where symptoms improved by adding intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, emphasizing the importance of awareness for early diagnosis and treatment.
May 2025 in “The Journal of Rheumatology” In this case report, two patients with coexisting systemic lupus erythematous and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder achieved remission of SLE activity using an anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody.