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Chemical exposure may contribute to the rise in atopic diseases and needs more research.

A boy with a rare form of early puberty caused by a new gene mutation responded well to treatment aimed at reducing testosterone and preserving adult height.

A specific RNA molecule, circCOL1A1, affects the growth and quality of goat hair by interacting with miR-149-5p and influencing cell growth pathways.

Mutation in hairless gene may increase hair loss risk.

5α reductase type 2 enzyme mutation and oxidative stress may increase androgenetic alopecia risk in Egyptians.

Sex steroids affect the MafB gene differently in male and female hamsters.

Certain genes influence immunoglobulin levels in Chinese Holstein cows, which can improve calf health.

The document explains various skin conditions and their treatments.

The conclusion is that endocrinology significantly impacts medicine with various common medications used for treatment.

Low-level laser therapy helps hair growth and reduces hair loss with few side effects.

Smoking and drinking can lower vitamin levels and potentially trigger early hair loss, but overall vitamin levels don't seem to affect hair loss duration.

The bulletin provides guidelines for diagnosing and managing PCOS, suggesting weight loss, hormonal contraceptives, and diabetes screening, with clomiphene for infertility and various treatments for excess hair.

PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.

Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.

Finasteride effectively blocks rat enzymes, but with varying methods and strength.

Testosterone supplements can increase muscle mass and strength in older men with low levels, but long-term effects and risks need more research.

Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.

S5αR inhibitors might help treat schizophrenia and other mental disorders but need more research.

Wnt signaling is crucial for skin and hair development and its disruption can cause skin tumors.

Researchers found 63 genes linked to male-pattern baldness, which could help in understanding its biology and developing new treatments.

Wnt signaling is important for development and cell regulation but can cause diseases like cancer when not working properly.

Some natural compounds may help overcome drug resistance in certain cancers, but more research is needed.

TGF-β2 plays a key role in human hair growth and development.

Sex hormones may affect COVID-19 severity, with men often faring worse, and targeting related pathways could offer treatment options.

Common acne treatments can cause various side effects, like skin irritation and more serious issues, but combination therapies are often more effective and better tolerated.

The document concludes that identifying the cause of amenorrhea is crucial for proper treatment.

Finasteride effectively treats male hair loss, improving growth and density.

Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

The document says that understanding the causes of PCOS is important for treatment, especially in distinguishing the syndrome from just having cystic ovaries, and that losing weight is key for obese women with PCOS.

Skin aging is caused by stem cell damage and can potentially be delayed with treatments like antioxidants and stem cell therapy.