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The European Society of Endocrinology advises individualized long-term management for PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes, accurate diagnosis, and treatments for associated health risks and symptoms.

About 7% to 15% of Iranian women have polycystic ovary syndrome, depending on the criteria used to diagnose it.

Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

Oral antiandrogens effectively treat female hair loss, with better results in higher hair loss grades.

Most women with PCOS have high levels of male hormones, and free testosterone is the best marker for this.

Certain medications including flutamide, spironolactone, and others effectively reduce excessive hair growth in women, especially when combined with lifestyle changes.

The document concludes that more research is needed to understand excessive hair growth in women with normal hormone levels and regular ovulation.

Female pattern hair loss involves hormonal factors, genetics, and may be linked to low ferritin levels.

Women with severe types of PCOS are more likely to have metabolic syndrome, and belly fat is a key predictor of this risk.

The study found that women with hyperandrogenic PCOS have higher levels of AKT1 and AKT2 proteins in their cells, which may lead to cell dysfunction.

The document concludes that various drugs can manage symptoms and metabolic issues in women with PCOS.

The Random Forest algorithm was the most accurate at diagnosing Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.

The document concludes that diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is difficult and should focus on specific hormone levels and menstrual irregularities, while also considering treatment for symptoms and related health issues.

Taking metformin with intense-pulsed-light therapy improves hair removal for people with PCOS.

The gene SDR5A1 is found in scalp hair of both hirsute and normal individuals, but it does not explain differences in hair growth.

Plant-based remedies may treat hair loss by reducing inflammation and improving insulin resistance.

Diagnosing hyperandrogenism in women is complex and requires accurate testing methods and consideration of SHBG levels.

Measuring the distance from the anus to the clitoris may moderately help diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome, especially in certain cases.

Alfacalcidiol and metformin together lowered testosterone in women with PCOS, but did not significantly improve acne, hair growth, or pregnancy rates.

The IRS-2 Asp/Asp genotype may increase the risk of PCOS in Chinese women, especially if they are not obese.

Antiandrogens are the main treatment for hirsutism, with individualized care and safe, affordable options needed.

Obesity may contribute to female hair loss by increasing male hormone levels that affect hair follicles.

Most women with hirsutism have it because of PCOS, and they need long-term treatment including medication and hair removal to improve their condition.

Exercise and finasteride together improve ovary health in PCOS rats.

The document concludes that diagnosing PCOS requires a thorough approach, considering various symptoms and risks, and calls for improved methods to identify PCOS types and prevent diabetes.

Diagnosing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is hard due to varying symptoms, no set criteria, and the need for better tests and education.

Testosterone replacement can help menopausal women with various symptoms, but should be used carefully and is not yet officially licensed in the UK for women.

Women with non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia have higher risk for heart and metabolic problems.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

The document concludes that hirsutism can be managed with various treatments tailored to the individual, potentially improving quality of life.