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Surgical methods for hair loss are less common than hair transplants but still useful, especially for scarring hair loss.

Lasers are effective for some skin conditions but can cause side effects like scarring and pigment changes; careful selection is important, and botulinum toxin type A is successful in reducing sweat in palmar hyperhidrosis.

Mouse stem cells from hair follicles can improve wound healing and reduce scarring.

Transplant success has improved with better immunosuppressive drugs and donor matching.

A specific gene variant is linked to heart disease, increased heart muscle, curly hair, and thick skin on palms and soles.

The pedicled temporoparietal fascial flap is a reliable and versatile option for reconstructive surgery in the head and neck area.

Climate-related nutritional stress may cause hair loss in juvenile male Guadalupe fur seals.

Women with a certain type of tumor had higher levels of pregnancy hormone and male hormones, which decreased after treatment.

Injecting minced fat into the facial artery can cause severe eye problems and death, more so than other fat types, and larger amounts increase these risks.

Low-level laser therapy using near-infrared light may help heart conditions and promote healing by releasing nitric oxide.

Early surgical treatment for severe facial injuries from high-energy impacts leads to better recovery.

Testing for CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene is not currently recommended for managing hypogonadism.

Male hormones worsen kidney transplant damage, but blocking them helps.

Hair loss surgeries like grafts, scalp reductions, and flap rotations can be effective for black men with proper technique adjustments.

Testosterone therapy is beneficial for women's health and does not cause masculinization or liver damage, and it protects the heart and breasts.

Testosterone therapy seems safe and effective for transgender men with proper care, but more long-term research is needed.

Dermal macrophages might help regrow hair.

Topical minoxidil is the best-supported treatment for female hair loss, but personalized plans are needed.

Testosterone implants in women require pharmacological dosing to be effective and are generally safe and well-tolerated.

A man developed a rare blood vessel connection on his scalp after hair transplants, which was successfully treated with surgery.

People with atopic dermatitis are more likely to develop other skin conditions due to shared genetics and immune pathways.

The method effectively detects banned substances in urine for sports antidoping.

Alopecia areata leads to significantly higher healthcare costs due to more doctor visits and prescriptions.

The Wnt signaling pathway is not a major factor in the development of keratoacanthoma, a type of skin tumor.

Women with PCOS may take longer to get pregnant but can have a normal family size, and should manage their overall health to reduce long-term health risks.

In Japan, sex reassignment surgery for gender identity disorder faces challenges and needs better medical support and education.

The document suggests various treatments for PCOS, including medication for menstrual issues, insulin resistance, and excess hair, as well as fertility treatments, while highlighting the need for personalized care and lifestyle changes.

Women with PCOS-related infertility can often conceive with treatments like clomiphene and metformin, but managing pregnancy complications is important.

Composite flaps are better than muscle-only flaps for long-term skull coverage.

The document provides a comprehensive index of medical and surgical topics, including hair removal, hair restoration, and various treatments for injuries and conditions.