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The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

The Rotterdam Study updated its design and objectives in 2012, providing insights into various diseases in the elderly, including skin cancer, bone health, liver disease, neurological and psychiatric conditions, and respiratory issues.

TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

Dermoscopy is a useful tool for identifying features of skin conditions, but more research is needed to define its role in dermatology.

Ectodin integrates BMP, SHH, and FGF signals in developing ectodermal organs.

Hidradenitis suppurativa, a chronic skin disease, can be managed with antibiotics, lifestyle changes, and in severe cases, surgery. Early diagnosis and careful planning are key, and laser treatment can be an efficient solution for mild to severe cases.

Future hair loss treatments should aim to extend hair growth, reactivate resting follicles, reverse shrinkage, and possibly create new follicles, with gene therapy showing promise.

Hair loss in women is genetic, diagnosed by examination and biopsy, and treated with minoxidil, finasteride, or transplantation.

Two main types of fibroblasts with unique functions and additional subtypes were identified in human skin.

JAK inhibitors are effective in treating various immune-related diseases, not just rheumatoid arthritis.

Insulin resistance and obesity are key factors in the development and worsening of polycystic ovary syndrome, and lifestyle changes are important for managing it.

Biomaterials with MSC-derived substances could improve tissue repair and have advantages over direct cell therapy.

The Rotterdam Study aims to understand various diseases in older adults.

About 7% to 15% of Iranian women have polycystic ovary syndrome, depending on the criteria used to diagnose it.

The guidelines suggest a detailed approach to diagnosing and treating lupus, with a focus on regular check-ups, personalized medicine, and a range of drug options for different cases.

Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss in men, while minoxidil treats hair loss in women.

PrEP for HIV is less effective in transgender women mainly due to low adherence to the treatment.

Pregnancy can cause various skin changes and diseases, with PUPPP being the most common skin condition specific to pregnancy.

Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.

Lecithin organogels could be good for applying drugs to the skin because they are stable, safe, and can improve drug absorption.

Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

High levels of male hormones, insulin resistance, and obesity are closely linked and worsen polycystic ovary syndrome, but more research is needed to improve treatments.

Genetic variation in the androgen receptor gene mainly causes early-onset hair loss, with maternal inheritance playing a key role.

Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.

Women with PCOS are more likely to have impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes, especially if they are Asian or obese.

Men are more likely to have severe COVID-19 cases and fatalities than women due to factors like lifestyle, aging, and biological differences.

Minoxidil, finasteride, and low-level laser light therapy effectively treat hair loss.

New effective scar treatments are urgently needed due to the current options' limited success.

Different types of skin cells have unique genetic markers that affect how likely they are to spread cancer.

Capsaicin, found in chili peppers, can slow down hair growth by affecting skin cells and hair follicles.