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    Glossary Estrogen Receptors

    proteins that bind estrogen, influencing cell behavior and function

    Estrogen receptors (ER) are proteins found inside and on the surface of certain cells that bind to the hormone estrogen. When estrogen binds to these receptors, it can influence the behavior of the cell, including growth, differentiation, and function. These receptors play a crucial role in various physiological processes, including reproductive health, bone density, and even hair growth. In medical research, ERs are significant in understanding conditions like breast cancer, where the presence of these receptors can influence treatment options.

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      learn Estradiol

      Estrogen hormone, prescribed in tablet, patch and gel forms

      learn Cyproterone

      a synthetic anti-androgen and weak progestogen that inhibits DHT binding to androgen receptor

      learn Alfatradiol

      • Alfatradiol: What does a form of estrogen have to do with hair loss in men? Alfatradiol (17α-estradiol) is a topical hormone sold without prescription in German pharmacies, licensed there for mild androgenetic alopecia, and not FDA-approved. The controlled trial evidence is in women, where hair density and thickness stayed nearly unchanged over 6 months while minoxidil improved them (the trial had no placebo group); no comparable placebo-controlled trial in men appears to have been published.