Th1 Effector CD4 T Cells Rely on IFN-γ Production to Induce Alopecia Areata

May 2025

Samuel Connell, Sydney B. Crotts, Ryan J. Reis, Maddison Lensing, P. Kahl, Nicholas Henderson, Otgonzaya Ayush, Zhaowen Zhu, Luana dos Santos Ortolan, John T. Harty, Joan Goverman, Ali Jabbari

alopecia areata CD4 T cells Th1 effector IFN-γ autoimmune disease CD8 T cells AA interferon gamma

Studysummary In this study, researchers found that CD4 T cells from the skin draining lymph nodes of mice with alopecia areata can transfer the disease to recipient mice, highlighting the key role of these cells and their interaction with CD8 T cells in the disease's development.

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Research cited in this study

17 / 17 results

research Efficacy and Safety of Deuruxolitinib, an Oral Selective Janus Kinase Inhibitor, in Adults with Alopecia Areata: Results from the Phase 3 Randomized, Controlled Trial (THRIVE-AA1)

63 citations , July 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that the oral JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor deuruxolitinib effectively promoted hair regrowth and patient satisfaction in adults with alopecia areata over 24 weeks.

research Integrated Single-Cell Chromatin and Transcriptomic Analyses of Human Scalp Identify Gene-Regulatory Programs and Critical Cell Types for Hair and Skin Diseases

47 citations , July 2023 in “Nature Genetics”

research Functional Interrogation of Lymphocyte Subsets in Alopecia Areata Using Single-Cell RNA Sequencing

23 citations , July 2023 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences”

In this study using a mouse model and human data, researchers found that CD8+ T cells are central to driving alopecia areata, while regulatory T cells offer some protection, highlighting CD8+ T cells as key targets for future therapy development.

research Efficacy and Safety of Ritlecitinib in Adults and Adolescents With Alopecia Areata: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Multicentre, Phase 2b–3 Trial

227 citations , April 2023 in “The Lancet”

Ritlecitinib effectively treats alopecia areata and is well-tolerated.

research Trends in Prevalence and Incidence of Alopecia Areata, Alopecia Totalis, and Alopecia Universalis Among Adults and Children in a US Employer-Sponsored Insured Population

75 citations , March 2023 in “JAMA Dermatology”

This study reported that the prevalence of alopecia areata in the US slightly increased from 0.199% to 0.222% between 2016 and 2019, with higher rates observed in women and adults.

research An Overview of JAK/STAT Pathways and JAK Inhibition in Alopecia Areata

40 citations , August 2022 in “Frontiers in immunology”

This review discusses the potential of JAK inhibitors as a promising treatment strategy for alopecia areata, highlighting their mechanism and recent FDA approval based on clinical trial efficacy.

research Two Phase 3 Trials of Baricitinib for Alopecia Areata

148 citations , March 2022 in “The New England Journal of Medicine”

In two phase 3 trials, this study found that oral baricitinib significantly improved hair regrowth compared to placebo in adults with severe alopecia areata after 36 weeks, though longer trials are needed to ascertain its long-term efficacy and safety.

Th1 Effector CD4 T Cells Rely on IFN-γ Production to Induce Alopecia Areata

Research cited in this study

research Efficacy and Safety of Deuruxolitinib, an Oral Selective Janus Kinase Inhibitor, in Adults with Alopecia Areata: Results from the Phase 3 Randomized, Controlled Trial (THRIVE-AA1)

research Integrated Single-Cell Chromatin and Transcriptomic Analyses of Human Scalp Identify Gene-Regulatory Programs and Critical Cell Types for Hair and Skin Diseases

research Functional Interrogation of Lymphocyte Subsets in Alopecia Areata Using Single-Cell RNA Sequencing

research Efficacy and Safety of Ritlecitinib in Adults and Adolescents With Alopecia Areata: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Multicentre, Phase 2b–3 Trial

research Trends in Prevalence and Incidence of Alopecia Areata, Alopecia Totalis, and Alopecia Universalis Among Adults and Children in a US Employer-Sponsored Insured Population

research An Overview of JAK/STAT Pathways and JAK Inhibition in Alopecia Areata

research Two Phase 3 Trials of Baricitinib for Alopecia Areata

research Hair Follicle Immune Privilege and Its Collapse in Alopecia Areata

research A Transcriptomic Map of Murine and Human Alopecia Areata

research CXCR3 Blockade Inhibits T Cell Migration Into the Skin and Prevents Development of Alopecia Areata

research Alopecia Areata Is Driven by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes and Is Reversed by JAK Inhibition

research The Role of Hair Follicle Immune Privilege Collapse in Alopecia Areata: Status and Perspectives

research Alopecia Areata: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Unusual Cases

research Genome-Wide Association Study in Alopecia Areata Implicates Both Innate and Adaptive Immunity

research Maintenance of Hair Follicle Immune Privilege Is Linked to Prevention of NK Cell Attack

research Lymphocytes, Neuropeptides, And Genes Involved In Alopecia Areata

research Experimental Induction of Alopecia Areata-Like Hair Loss in C3H/HeJ Mice Using Full-Thickness Skin Grafts