TH1 Effector CD4 T Cells Rely on IFN-γ Production to Induce Alopecia Areata

    October 2025 in “ Science Advances ”
    Samuel Connell, Sydney B. Crotts, Ryan J. Reis … Ali Jabbari
    Studysummary In this study, researchers demonstrated that CD4 T cells from skin-draining lymph nodes in mice with alopecia areata can transfer the disease to recipient mice, revealing a critical role for CD4 T cells in disease development and suggesting potential therapeutic targets.
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    Research cited in this study 16

    1. Efficacy and Safety of Deuruxolitinib, an Oral Selective Janus Kinase Inhibitor, in Adults with Alopecia Areata: Results from the Phase 3 Randomized, Controlled Trial (THRIVE-AA1) Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2024
    2. Integrated Single-Cell Chromatin and Transcriptomic Analyses of Human Scalp Identify Gene-Regulatory Programs and Critical Cell Types for Hair and Skin Diseases Nature Genetics · 2023
    3. Functional Interrogation of Lymphocyte Subsets in Alopecia Areata Using Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · 2023
    4. Efficacy and Safety of Ritlecitinib in Adults and Adolescents With Alopecia Areata: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Multicentre, Phase 2b–3 Trial The Lancet · 2023
    5. Trends in Prevalence and Incidence of Alopecia Areata, Alopecia Totalis, and Alopecia Universalis Among Adults and Children in a US Employer-Sponsored Insured Population JAMA Dermatology · 2023
    6. An Overview of JAK/STAT Pathways and JAK Inhibition in Alopecia Areata Frontiers in immunology · 2022
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    8. CXCR3 Blockade Inhibits T Cell Migration Into the Skin and Prevents Development of Alopecia Areata Journal of Immunology · 2016
    9. Alopecia Areata Is Driven by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes and Is Reversed by JAK Inhibition Nature medicine · 2014
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    11. Alopecia Areata: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Unusual Cases Dermatologic Therapy · 2011
    12. Genome-Wide Association Study in Alopecia Areata Implicates Both Innate and Adaptive Immunity Nature · 2010
    13. Maintenance of Hair Follicle Immune Privilege Is Linked to Prevention of NK Cell Attack Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2007
    14. Lymphocytes, Neuropeptides, And Genes Involved In Alopecia Areata Journal of Clinical Investigation · 2007
    15. Gene Array Profiling and Immunomodulation Studies Define a Cell-Mediated Immune Response Underlying the Pathogenesis of Alopecia Areata in a Mouse Model and Humans Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2002
    16. Experimental Induction of Alopecia Areata-Like Hair Loss in C3H/HeJ Mice Using Full-Thickness Skin Grafts ˜The œjournal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology · 1998