Sudden improvement of alopecia universalis and psoriatic arthritis while receiving upadacitinib: a case-based review

This case-based review discusses a patient with alopecia universalis (AU) and psoriatic arthritis who experienced significant improvement in both conditions while being treated with upadacitinib, a JAK1 selective inhibitor. The review highlights the role of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-15 in the pathogenesis of AU and suggests that JAK inhibitors, which modulate the immune system and inhibit these key molecules, can be effective for moderate to severe cases of alopecia areata (AA). The case provides evidence supporting the efficacy of upadacitinib in managing AU, particularly in patients with concurrent inflammatory conditions like psoriatic arthritis, although such reports are currently limited.