A Novel Approach for Skin Regeneration by a Potent Bioactive Placental-Loaded Microneedle Patch: Comparative Study of Deer, Goat, and Porcine Placentas

The study explored the use of dissolving microneedle (DMN) patches loaded with placental extracts from deer, goat, and porcine sources for skin regeneration. The goat placenta (GP) extract showed the highest bioactive potential, significantly enhancing fibroblast cell proliferation, migration, and regeneration due to its superior protein, growth factor, and amino acid content. The DMN patches effectively delivered these bioactive compounds into the skin with minimal invasiveness and no significant irritation, as confirmed by in vitro and in vivo studies, including a clinical trial with 15 human volunteers. The study concluded that GP-loaded DMNs could be a promising, minimally invasive method for skin regeneration.